Question | Answer |
tell me about red shift | Red Shift is the Doppler effect in light when the object is moving away from me and there is a decrease in the frequency of the light because of the movement. |
tell me about blue shift is | Blue Shift is the Doppler effect in light when the object is moving toward me and there is an increase in frequency of the light because of the movement. |
The apparent change in frequency due to the motion of the source or receiver is called the ______ | Doppler Effect |
A wiggle in time is a ______________ | vibration |
A wiggle in time and space is a ____________ | wave |
The time it take a pendulum to swing back and forth is called the _____ | period |
Does the period of a pendulum depend upon the mass of the pendulum? | NO. The period of a pendulum depends upon the length of the radius |
Name the two things the period of a pendulum depends upon. | Length of the pendulum |
Which as the longer period, a long pendulum or a short pendulum? | Long pendulum |
Back and forth vibratory motion is often called (two options) | Oscillatory motion, simple harmonic motion |
What are the low points in a sine curve called? | trough |
In a sine wave, what is the distance from the top of one crest to the top of the next crest called? | lambda, wavelength |
How often a vibration occurs is described by its _________________ | frequency |
Name the units of Hertz | cycles/second |
AM radio waves are measured in: | kilohertz, 960 on the dial is
960,000 vibrations/second |
A pattern formed by the overlapping of two or more waves that arrive in a region at the same time is called _________________________ | interference pattern |
When the crest of one wave overlaps the crest of another, their effects add together. This is called _____________________________ | constructive interference |
When the crest of one wave overlaps the trough of another, their individual effects are reduced. This is called _________________ | destructive interference |
What is the term applied to two waves for which the crest of one wave arrives at a point at the same time that a trough of the second wave arrives. | Out of phase |
What is the term applied to two or more waves whose crest (and troughs) arrive at a place at the same time so that their effects reinforce each other? | in phase |
The positions on a standing wave with the largest amplitudes are known as __________________ | antinodes |
In a standing wave, certain parts of the rope remain stationary. These are called ___________ | nodes |
A cone-shaped wave produced by an object moving at supersonic speed through a fluid is | shock wave |
What is a curve whose shape represents the crests and troughs of a wave, as traced out by a swinging pendulum that drops a trail of sand over a moving conveyor belt? | Sine curve |
A wave in which the vibration is in the ___________ direction as that in which the wave is traveling is called a longitudinal wave. | same |
A shock wave is produced by overlapping spheres to form a _______. | cone |
Why don't we hear a sonic boom from a slower than sound aircraft? | because the wave crests reach our ears one at a time. |
What is the name of the sharp crack heard when the shock wave that sweeps behind a supersonic aircraft reaches the listener? | sonic boom |
Standing waves are the result of _____________________________ | interference |
Standing waves can be produced in either _________________ or _____________________ waves. | Transverse
longitudinal |
Can a boat travel faster than the speed of the water waves? | Yes. A boat can travel faster than a wave on the water. |
A bow wave is a _______-dimensional wave | two |
A shock wave is a __________-dimensional wave. | three |
What are the units for lambda? | distance, like meters |
What does the symbol f stand for? | frequency |
What are the units of f? | Hz or cycles/second |
When a source moves toward you, do you measure an increase or decrease in wave speed? | Neither. Wave speed remains the same. Frequency of the wave changes |
Long wavelengths have ______________ frequencies. | low |
Short wavelengths have ___________ frequencies | high |
During a concert, sounds from all the instruments reach you at the same time. Why? | ν Wave speed depends on the medium holding the wave. The sounds are all traveling through air so ν is constant for all frequencies and wavelengths. |
Using the equation: ν=f lambda How can the ν be constant (in air) for all frequencies? | f↑ then lambda↓ f↓ then lambda↑ frequency and wavelength vary inversely, giving a constant ν. |
A metronome is set so that it makes 10 complete vibrations in 12 seconds. Find the frequency of the metronome. | 10 vibrations/12 seconds = .833 Hz |
While sitting on a pier, Carlos notices that incoming waves are 2 m between crests. If the waves lap against the pier every .5 seconds, find a.) the frequency and b.) the speed of the waves. | Lambda = 2 m; t = .5 sec/cycle = period; f = 1/.5 = 2; ν=f lambda = (2 meters)(2 cycles/second) = 4 m/s |
What is the wavelength of a 340 Hz sound wave when the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s? | f= 340 Hz; ν = 340 m/s; ν= f lambda; so lambda = 340/340; lambda= 1 meter |
Sound waves or percussion waves are what type of waves? | Longitudinal waves |
Can more than one vibration or wave exist at the same time in the same space? | yes |
When energy is transferred by wave from a vibrating source to a distant receiver, is there transfer of matter between the two points? | No. The wave moves through the medium. Energy is transferred by a disturbance in the medium. |
What does ν stand for? | Velocity or wave speed |
What is the frequency per second of a 100 Hz wave? | 100 Hz = 100 cycles/second |
The Sears Tower has a frequency of .1 Hz. What is its period? | f = .1Hz = .1 cycle/second; period = 1/f = sec/.1 cycle = 10 seconds/cycle |
FM Radio waves are measured in ________________ | megahertz, 101FM is 101,000,000 cycles/second |
The frequency of the vibrating source and the frequency of the _______ it produces are the same | wave |
The Doppler effect occurs for __________, ___________, and ________. | light, sound, and time |
A wave with vibration at right angles to the direction the wave is traveling is called a __________ ______ | transverse wave |
What is the name of the V-shaped wave produced by an object moving on a liquid surface faster than the wave speed? | bow waves |