Question | Answer |
Orbicularis Oculi | -closes and squints eyes
-frontal bone; maxilla, lacrimal bone
-the insertion and origin are the same |
Levator Labii Superioris | -elevates upper lip
-maxilla
-upper lip |
Zygomaticus Major | -elevates angle of the mouth (smile)
-zygomatic bone
-angle of mouth |
Zygomaticus Minor | -elvates upper lip
-zygomatic bone
-upper lip |
Orbicularis Oris | -closes mouth; protracts the lips (kissing, whistling)
-entire surrounding of mouth
-entire surrounding of mouth |
Buccinator | -compresses cheek against teeth to hold food during chewing
-maxilla; mandible
-lips |
Masseter | -elevates mandible at the temporomandibular joint
-zygomatic bone; zygomatic arch
-angle, ramus, and coronoid process of mandible |
Temporalis | -elevates mandible at the temporomandibular joint
-temporal fossa
-coronoid process and raumus of mandible |
Sternocleidomastoid | -flexes, extends, laterally flexes, and contralaterally rotates neck
-manubrium of sternum; clavicle
-mastoid process of temporal bone |
Deltoid | -abducts, flexes, extends, horizontally flexes, horizontally extends, laterally rotates and medially rotates the arm
-clavicle; acromion process; spine of scapula
-deltoid tuberosity of humerous |
Pectoralis Major | -adducts, medially rotates, flexes, and extends the arm
-clavicle; sternum; costal cartliages of ribs 1-7
-bicipital groove of the humerus |
Serratus Anterior | -protracts and upwardly rotates scapula; is the boxers punching muscle
-ribs 1-9
-medial border of the scapula |
Pectoralis Minor | -protracts, depresses, and downwardly rotates the scapula
-ribs 3-5
-corocoid process of scapula |
Rectus Abdominis (6-pack muscles) | -flexes and laterally flexes trunk (sit-up muscle)
-pubis
-xiphoid process of sternum; costal cartilages of ribs 5-7 |
External oblique | -flexes, laterally flexes, and contralaterally rotates trunk (oblique sit-ups)
-anterior iliac crest; pubis
-ribs 5-12 |
Internal oblique | -flexes, laterally flexes, and ipsilaterally rotates trunk
-iliac crest
-ribs 10-12 |
Diaphragm | -prime mover of inhalation
-internal surfaces of ribs, sternum, and vertebrae
-central tendon of the diaphragm |
Trapezius | -elevates, depresses, retracts, and upwardly rotates scapula (shrug shoulders)
-external occipital protuberance; spinous precesses of C7-T12
-lateral 1/3 of clavicle; acromion; spine of scapula |
Latissimus Dorsi | -medially rotates adducts, and extends the arm
-spinous processes T7-L5 vertebrae, sacrum; illiac crest
-bicipital groove of humerus |
Origin | One attachment site is stationary or less movable |
Insertion | more movable |
Fixator | specialized type of synergist. Fixating muscles; tension is exerted at the insertion |
Antagonists | muscles that oppose or reverse a movement |
Synertists | helping doing a movement |
Prime Movements | primarily responsible for a movement |