Question | Answer |
What is a population? | the number of individuals of a particular species that are found in an area. |
Density is ___ | the number of individuals per unit area or per unit volume at a given time. |
Age Structure is ____. | the relative proportions of individuals of each age. |
What is exponential growth? | Growth at a constant rate of increase per unit time. |
Arithmetic growth_____ | growth that increases at constant amount per unit time. |
What is Biotic potential? | the maximum rate in which a population can increase |
What has high biotic potential? | microorganisms |
Density Independent | any characteristic that is not affected by population density |
Examples of density independent | Lightning, hurricanes, floods, snowstorms, and fires |
Density dependent | referring to any characteristic that varies with population density |
Density dependent mechanisms tend to ___________ | reduce population size by decreasing or increasing mortality as population size increases |
intraspecific interactions | individuals within a population that can also compete for resources |
R selected species | The production of numerous small offspring followed by exponential population growth is the defining characteristic; little or no parental care; low ability to compete |
K selected species | large offspring, lower population growth, high parental care |
Type I curve | EX: elephant |
Type II curve | EX: lizards, and many birds |
Type III curve | EX: oysters, seastars, sea urchins, weeds |
growth rate | r=b-d |
S Curve | these populations are grown in constant environment lacking predators and competing species that may reduce growth of the populations, conditions that rarely occur in nature |
a population that grows rapidly at first and then levels off at carrying capacity | logistic equation |
The logistic growth model differs from the exponential growth model in that it | expresses the effects of population-limiting factors on exponential growth |
biotic potential of a species is influenced by | when reproduction begins, how often the organism breeds, and how many offspring are produced during each reproductive episode |
Density Dependent Factors | Competition for Resources; predation; toxic wastes; intrinsic factors; territoriality; disease |