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C Spine Anat/Kinemat

Cervical Spine Anatomy & Kinematics

QuestionAnswer
Which joint is the OA joint? The AA joint? OA- C0-1 AA- C1-2
Which segments are "typical" lower C spine segments? C3-7
Which segment has the largest spinous process? C7
Where is the first disc? C2-3
Which segments have bifid spinous processes? C3-6
The dens (odontoid process) is part of which bone? Axis (C2)
Joints of Luschka begin at which segment? What to they facilitate/restrict? C3 Faciliate- flex/ext Restrict- lateral flexion
Which segment has a posterior tubercle, not a spinous process? C1
The inferior facets of C1 & superior facets of C2 have what type of relationship? Convex on Convex- most rotation occurs here
What is the "yes" joint? The "no" joint? Yes- C0-1 No- C1-2
Convex occipital condyles movement on concave superior facets of atlas MIA has nice LIPS Flexion- Posterior/Superior; Extension- Anterior/Inferior
With flexion, what direction do occipital condyles roll/slide? Extension? Flexion- roll anterior, slide posterior Extension- roll posterior, slide anterior
Which ligament holds the dens in place? Transverse Ligament
Spondylolysis is what? Pars Interarticularis defect
Orientation of Facet Joints- the joint angle ____ with successive levels? Decreases; orientation can be thought of passing through pt's eyes. C2-3= 45 deg C7-T1= 10 deg
Which level does impingement commonly occur? C7-T1; transitional area, head forward with longer moment arm
Osteokinematics Plane & direction of mvmt, physiologic mvmt (flexion/extension, etc.)
Arthrokinematics Relative mvmt b/t articular facets of apophyseal joints; Accessory motion (Roll, Slide, etc.)
Type I coupling? Type 2 coupling? Type 1- SB/rotation in opp directions (C0-1) Type 2- SB/rotation in same direction (C2-7)
What is the only ligament on slack with flexion? Flexion- ALL PLL, ligamentum flavum, ligamentum nuchae, supraspinous, interspinous, intertransverse ligs put on a stretch
At which joint does the most flexion & extension occur? C5-6
Since the annulus fibrosis doesn't completely encircle the nucleus pulposus in the C-spine, what covers the remainder? PLL, so herniations will most likely affect the PLL
What is a burst fracture of C1 called? Jefferson Fracture
The atlanto-occipital ligament is continuous with what? The anterior atlantoaxial ligament is a continuation of what? Posterior atlantoaxial ligament is a continuation of what? A-O ligament is continuous with articular capsule of C0-1 Ant. A-A lig continuous with ALL Post. A-A lig continuous with ligamentum flavum
Which ligament is thick and runs from the external occipital protuberance to the SP of C7? Ligamentum Nuchae
Which ligament is a continuation of the PLL & is posterior to the transverse ligament? Tectorial Membrane
Where do the scalenes attach? Anterior & Middle- 1st rib Posterior- 2nd rib
What passes between the anterior & middle scalene? Brachial plexus & subclavan a. (space is the thoracic outlet)
Scalenes action Contralateral rotation & ipsilateral side bending
What occurs with upper crossed syndrome? Tight- Pecs, Neck extensors Stretched/Weak- Scap/Rhomboids, Deep neck flexors
Where is the costoclavicular space? Subpectoral tunnel? Between clavicle & 1st rib Underneath pec minor
Created by: 1190550002
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