Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
RAD170 CH16/17
attentuation/pathology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define attenuation | the reduction in photons as the beam passes through a material. |
| Xrays are attenuated _____. | exponentially |
| Define density | the quantity of matter per unit of volume |
| What are the 4 main elements of the human body & their atomic #s? | hydrogen (1) carbon (6) nitrogen (7) oxygen (8) |
| What are the 4 major substances of the body that cause variable attenuation? | air, fat, muscle & bone |
| What is the approximate atomic number of air? | 7.78 |
| What is the approximate atomic number of fat? | 6.46 |
| What is the approximate atomic number of muscle? | 7.64 |
| What is the approximate atomic number of bone? | 12.31 |
| Define pathology | the medical science of all aspects of disease |
| A visible difference requires a change in technical factors of ____%. | 25-50 |
| How do additive conditions affect attenuation? How do you compensate? | increased attenuation; increase kVp 5-15% |
| abscess | encapsulated infection (additive) |
| edema | swelling (additive) |
| tumor | abnormal tissue growth (additive) |
| atelectasis | collapsed lung (additive) |
| bronchiectasis | dilated bronchi (additive) |
| cardiomegaly | enlarged heart (additive) |
| congestive heart failure | venous congestion in lungs (additive) |
| empyema | pus in thoracic cavity (additive) |
| pleural effusion | fluid in pleural cavity (additive) |
| pneumoconiosis | inhalation of dust causing scarring (additive) |
| pneumonectomy | removal of a lung (additive) |
| pneumonia | inflammation causing fluid in aveolar spaces (additive) |
| pulmonary edema | fluid in lung and alveoli (additive) |
| tuberculosis | infection causing fluid in lungs (additive) |
| aortic aneurysm | dilation of aorta (additive) |
| ascites | fluid in peritoneal cavity (additive) |
| calcified stones | (additive) |
| cirrhosis | enlarged liver (additive) |
| acromegaly | overgrowth of hands, feet, face & jaw (additive) |
| chronic osteomyelitis | bone infection causing new growth (additive) |
| hydrocephalus | enlarged head (additive) |
| osteoblastic metastases | spread of cancer to bone (additive) |
| osteochondroma | tumor in bone and cartilage (additive) |
| Paget's disease | increased bone growth (additive) |
| sclerosis | inflammation & hardening of bone (additive) |
| How do destructive conditions affect attenuation? How do you compensate? | decreased attenuation; decrease mAs 25-50% |
| anorexia nervosa | extreme weight loss (destructive) |
| atrophy | wasting away of tissue (destructive) |
| emaciation | wasting away of tissue (destructive) |
| emphysema | excess air in lung (destructive) |
| pneumothorax | air in pleural cavity (destructive) |
| aerophagia | swallowing of air |
| bowel obstruction | causes accumulation of air & fluid (destructive) |
| active osteomyelitis | infection causing loss of bone tissue (destructive) |
| aseptic necrosis | death of bone tissue (destructive) |
| carcinoma | malignancies in bone (destructive) |
| degenerative arthritis | inflammation causing destruction (destructive) |
| fibrosarcoma | tumor causing "moth-eaten" lesion (destructive) |
| gout | metabolic disease causing bone destruction (destructive) |
| hyperparathyroidism | causes calcium to leave bone (destructive) |
| multiple myeloma | malignant tumor (destructive) |
| osteolytic metastases | destruction of bone (destructive) |
| osteomalacia | defect in bone mineralization (destructive) |
| osteoporosis | defect in bone production (destructive) |
Created by:
SCash21
Popular Radiology sets