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Abilities Lab Quiz
| Generic name of zyrtec | cetirizine |
| Therapeutic class of zyrtec | anti-histamine (2nd generation) |
| Common Indication(s) | perennial or seasonal allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria |
| Absolute contraindications(s)/Black Box Warnings of Zyrtec | hypersensitivity to cetirizine, levocetirizine (R enantiomer of cetirizine) or hydroxyzine |
| Dosage Forms of Zyrtec | capsule, tablet, liquid, chewable tablet |
| Usual Dosing of Zyrtec | Adults and children ≥6yo: 5-10mg daily, Pediatric (2-5 yo): 2.5-5mg daily |
| Adverse Effects/Side Effects (common and serious)of Zyrtec | Common: headache, somnolence, fatigue, dry mouth |
| Administration of Zyrtec | May be given without regard to meals, Chewable tablets may be taken with or without water |
| Brand name(s)of loratidine | Claritin, Alavart |
| Therapeutic class of loratidine | anti-histamine (2nd generation) |
| common indication of loratidine | seasonal allergic rhinitis, chronic idiopathic urticaria |
| Absolute contraindications of loratidine | hypersensitivity to loratadine or desloratadine (active metabolite of loratadine) |
| Dosage forms of loratidine | capsule, tablet, liquid, chewable tablet, orally disintegrating tablet |
| Usual dosing of loratidine | Adult and children≥6yo: 10mg daily Pediatric (2-5yo): 5mg daily |
| Side effects of loratidine | Common: headache, somnolence, fatigue, xerostomia Serious: decreased liver function (rare) |
| Administration of loratidine | - May be taken with or without food - Orally disintegrating tablets, place on tongue and allow to dissolve disintegrate |
| Brand names of oxymetazoline | Afrin®; Dristan®; Duramist Plus; Neo-Synephrine® Nighttime12-Hour, Visine® L.R. ® |
| Therapeutic class of oxymetazoline | Decongestant (Adrenergic agonist) |
| Common Indications of oxymetazoline | • Adjunctive therapy for nasal congestion, associated with acute or chronic rhinitis, the common cold, sinusitis, hay fever, or other allergies. • Relief of redness of eye due to minor eye irritations (conjunctivitis) |
| Black Box Warnings of oxymetazoline | None |
| Dosage forms of oxymetazoline | Eye drops, nasal sprays and nasal drops |
| Usual Dosing of oxymetazoline | Nasal congestion (age ≥6 years): Instill 2-3 sprays into each nostril twice daily for ≤3 days Relief of eye redness (age ≥6 years):Instill 1-2 drops in affected eye(s) every 6 hours as needed or as directed by healthcare provider for ≤72 hours |
| Side effects of oxymetazoline | Nasal spray /drops: Common: Dryness of the nasal mucosa, nasal irritation (temporary), rebound congestion (chronic use), sneezing. Serious: Arrhythmia, Hypertension Ophthalmic solution: Transient burning, stinging of the eyes |
| Administration of oxymetazoline | Wash hands before administering eye drops to avoid contamination |
| brand names of chlorpheniramine | Chlor-Trimeton® Allergy, Chlorphen |
| therapeutic class of chlorpheniramine | antihistamine |
| common indications of chlorpheniramine | rhinitis, common cold |
| dosage forms of chlorpheniramine | tablet, syrup |
| usual dosing of chlorpheniramine | Oral: 4 mg every 4-6 hours, not to exceed 24 mg/day or sustained release 8-12 mg every 8-12 hours, not to exceed 24 mg/day |
| side effects of chlorpheniramine | drowsiness, constipation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea |
| Administration of chlorpheniramine | May be administered with food or water. Timed release oral forms are to be swallowed whole, not crushed or chewed. |
| Brand names of pseudoephedrine | Sudafed®[Sudafed PETM, Sufenta®], Dimetapp Decongstant®, Pedicare Decongestant infants®, Simply Stuffy®, Cenafed®, Cenafed®, Contac 12-Hours®, Biofed®, 12 Hour Cold Maximum Strength® |
| therapeutic class of pseudoephedrine | Alpha/Beta agonist; Decongestant |
| indications of pseudoephedrine | allergic rhinitis, congestion of nasal sinus |
| black box warnings of pseudoephedrine | Severe Coronary artery disease, severe hypertension Hypersensitivity to pseudoephedrine or sympathomimetics, With or within 14 days of MAOI therapy |
| usual dosing of pseudoephedrine | ̶ Immediate release: 60mg orally every 4 to 6 hours; Max: 240mg/day ̶ Extended release: 120mg every 12 hours OR 240mg every 24 hours; Max: 240mg/day |
| side effects of pseudoephedrine | ̶ Common: hypertension, Tachyarrhythmia, Insomnia, Anxiety, Felling nervous, Restlessness ̶ Serious: Atrial fibrillation, Myocardial infarction, Ventricular premature beats |
| dosage forms of pseudoephedrine | Caplet, liquid, syrup, tablet (immediate release, extended release) |
| adminstration of pseudoephedrine | • Do not crush extended release drug product, swallow whole. • May administer with or without food. • Sudafed® 24 Hour tablet may not completely dissolve and appear in stool |
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