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Ch 16 RAD 170

Patient as a Beam Emitter

QuestionAnswer
_______ is the reduction in the total number of x-ray photons remaining in the beam after passing through a given thickness of material. Attenuation
X-rays are attenuated ________. exponentially
Higher atomic number materials attenuate a _____ percentage of the beam. higher/greater
What specifically causes a beam to be attenuated? the number of electrons (few or many)
_____ is the quantity of matter per unit of volume measured in KILOGRAMS per cubic meter. Density
The _____ is the radiographer's greatest variable. patient
At an atomic level, the body consist primarily of: hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen
What are the atomic numbers of the substances that make up body? hydrogen(1), carbon(6), nitrogen(7), and oxygen(8)
Calcium found in concentrated amounts in bone has an atomic number of ___. 20
Four major substances account for variable attenuation: air, fat muscle and bone
Air has a higher atomic number than fat and muscle but less density and as a result, will absorb ____ photons. less
________ refers to the impact the subject has on the resultant radiographic density. Subject density
______ is the degree of differential absorption resulting from the differing absorption characteristics of the tissues in the body. Subject contrast
One of the primary factors that affects the sharpness or detail of an image is the ____. SID
Greater sharpness will result when the anatomical part is ____ to the IR. closer
_____ is the misrepresentation of the size or shape of the structure of interest. Distortion
Size distortion in the form of ______ occurs because various anatomical structures sit in the body at varying levels. magnification
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