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Psych CH6
Interpersonal and Group Behaviour
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| attitude | a learned idea about ourselves or others, or objects and experiences |
| tri-component | a model that postulates the attitude is formed from the influence of three components: feelings (affective__actions (behavioural) __ and thoughts (cognitive) |
| affective component | how a person feels about various ppl, objects or institutions (how you feel) |
| behavioural component | how a person acts toward various ppl, objects or institutions (what you do) |
| cognitive component | what a person thinks about various ppl, objects or institutions (what you believe and why you believe it) |
| direct contact | personal experience with the object of an attitude |
| interaction | discussion with ppl holding a particular attitude |
| child rearing | parental values, beliefs and practices applied while caring for a child |
| group membership | our association with the ppl with whom we share common characteristics |
| media | providers of info, such as magazines, television, radio |
| mean worldview | regarding the world as a dangerous and threatening place |
| chance conditioning | learning that takes place by chance or coincidence |
| reference group | any group with whom a person identifies and uses as a standard for social comparison |
| persuasion | any deliberate attempt to change attitudes or beliefs through into and argument |
| consumer psychology | a specific area of psychology that seeks to understand why ppl buy the things they do |
| consumer behaviour | all the actions involved in deciding to spend |
| market research | a type of public opinion pollen used to assess consumer views on products |
| brand image | the personal or emotional meanings consumers attach to products |
| cognitive dissonance | contradictory or classing thoughts that cause discomfort |
| prejudice | a negative emotional attitude held towards embers of a specific social group |
| stereotypes | oversimplified images of ppl who belong to a particular social group, causing them to appear more similar than they really are |
| intergroup contact | interactions between the holder of the stereotype and the target of the stereotype |
| sustained contact | prolonged and involved cooperative activity or interaction |
| superordinate goals | shared goals that groups or individuals cannot achieve alone or without the other person or group |
| mutual interdependence | depending on one another to meet each person's goals |
| equality | social interaction that occurs at the same lvl, without obvious differences in power or status |
| cognitive interventions | learned skills and behaviours that can be used to combat prejudice |
| individuating info | knowledge that helps us see a person as an individual, rather than as a member of a group |
| just-world belief | belief that ppl generally get what they deserve |
| self-fulfiling prophecy | an expectation that prompts ppl to act in ways that make the expectation come true |
| social competition | rivalry among groups, each of which regards itself as superior to others |
| commonalities | things ppl share or have in common, increasing cooperation with others and sharing joys and sufferings |
| cultural awareness | awareness of cultural backgrounds different to your own |
| discrimination | unequal treatment of ppl who should have the same rights as others |
| status inequalities | differences in power, prestige or privileges |
| sexism | at attitude that is a mixture or negative thoughts (stereotypes), feelings of fear, envy or hostility and actions of discrimination based on gender |
| ageism | anat attitude that is a mixture or negative thoughts (stereotypes), feelings of fear, envy or hostility and actions of discrimination based on age |
| racism | at attitude that is a mixture or negative thoughts (stereotypes), feelings of fear, envy or hostility and actions of discrimination based on race |
| scapegoating | blaming another person or a group for the actions of others or for conditions not of their making |
| personal prejudice | an attitude whereby members of another racial or ethnic group are perceived as a threat to one's own interests |
| group prejudice | prejudice held out of conformity to group views |
| authoritarian personality | a personality characterised by rigidity, inhibition and prejudice |
| multiculturalism | giving equal status to different ethnic, racial and cultural groups |
| observation of behaviour | recording ppl's behaviour within a specific circumstance or environment |
| self reports | reports in which individuals are asked to freely express attitudes towards a particular issue |
| open-ended interviews | interviews in which individuals are asked to comment freely and without limitation on their attitude towards a particular issue |
| fixed-response questions | questions that restrict a participants response to an interview question to a limited choice of answers |
| indirect questioning | a method in which individuals are asked to write down adjectives that best describe their attitude to a person, object or experience |
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