Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
biofactorsofdrugs
Biological Factors Affecting the Action of Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| bioavailability | percentage of the drug dosages that is absorbed |
| drug absorption | entrance of a drug into the bloodstream from its site of admin |
| drug addiction | condition of drug abuse and drug dependence that is characterized by compulsive drug behavior |
| drug dependence | condition of reliance on the use of a particular drug, characterized as physical and/or psychological dependence |
| drug distribution | passage of a drug from the blood to the tissues and organs of the body |
| drug microsomal metabolizing system (DMMS) | group of enzymes located primarily in the liver that function to metabolize (biotransformation) drugs |
| drug tolerance | decreased drug effect occurring after repeated drug admin |
| enzyme induction | increase in the amount of drug-metabolizing enzymes after repeated admin of certain drugs |
| enzyme inhibition | inhibition of drug-metabolizing enzymes by certain drugs |
| first-pass metabolism | drug metabolism that occurs following oral absorption from the GI tract |
| half-life | time req'd for the body to rid itself of half of the drug dosage that was absorbed (percent bioavailability) |
| individual variation | difference in the effects of drugs and drug dosages from one person to another |
| intramuscular injection | route of drug admin; drug is injected into gluteal or deltoid muscles |
| intravenous injection | route of drug admin; drug is injected directly into a vein |
| loading dose | initial drug dose admin to rapidly achieve therapeutic drug concentrations |
| maintenance dose | dose admin to maintain drug blood levels in the therapeutic range |
| oral admin | route of drug admin by way of the mouth through swallowing |
| parenteral admin | route of drug admin that does not involve the GI tract |
| receptors | site of action |
| FDA pregnancy categories | guidelines that classify drugs based on fetal risk |
| pregnancy category A | have not yet demonstrated risk to fetus |
| pregnancy category B | have not been performed in pregnant women; animal studies have not demonstrated fetal risk |
| pregnancy category C | have not been performed in pregnant women or in animals, or animal studies have revealed some teratogenic potential but the risk of the fetus is unknown |
| pregnancy category D | have revealed adverse risk to fetus; benefit-to-risk ratio of the drug must be established before use during pregnancy |
| pregnancy category X | have revealed teratogenic effects in women and/or animals; fetal risk clearly outweigh benefit; contraindicated in pregnancy |
| pregnancy category NR | has not yet been rated by the FDA |
| neonate | age 0 to 1 month |
Created by:
1623810515
Popular Pharmacology sets