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Pharm

Meds affecting Nervous System

QuestionAnswer
Action of Cholinesterase Inhibitors Prevent cholinesterase from inactivating acetylcholine = amt of Ach available at receptor site
Prostigmin increases muscle _____and reverses nondepolarizing blocking agents following____ strength, surgery
A Cholinergic crisis increased muscarinic stimulation and depressed respiration
Side/Adverse Effects of Cholinesterase Inhibitors Increased muscarine stimulation = treated with atropine and Cholinergic crisis
Contraindications/precautions of Cholinesterase Inhibitors Contraindicated in pts with obstruction of GI system
Med/Food Interactions of Cholinesterase Inhibitors Atropine – treatment of Prostigmin toxicity, Tubocurarine – reverses neuromuscular blockade after surgery, Succinylcholine – increases neuromuscular blockage
Interventions of Cholinesterase Inhibitors Dosing is individualized
Prototype Medications of Cholinesterase Inhibitors Prostigmin, physostigmine
Action of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents Block Ach at neuromuscular junction = muscle relaxation and hypotension; Do no cross blood-brain barrier
Therapeutic Action of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents Used as adjuncts to general anesthesia = muscle relaxation; Used to diagnose myasthenia gravis
Side/Adverse Effects of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents Respiratory arrest from paralyzed respiratory muscles – have equipment ready for resuscitation; Hypotension from histamine release
Contraindications/precautions of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents Anectine is contraindicated in pts with risk of hyperkalemia
Med/Food Interactions of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents General Anes– dose of tubocurarine should be reduced, Aminoglycosides &tetracycline increase effects of neuromuscular blocks , cholinesterase inhibitors – decrease effects of nondepolarizing blockers and increase effects of depolarizing neurotransmitters
Interventions of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents Monitor cardiac and respiratory function
Prototype Medications of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker – Tubarine; Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker – succinylcholine
Action of Levodopa (Dopaminergic) Levodopa crosses blood-brain barrier which stimulates dopamine receptors
Carbidopa adds to levodopa by inhibiting the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the intestine which allows for increased amts of levodopa to reach CNS
Action of Dopamine Agonists(Mirapex) acts directly on dopamine receptors
Action of Centrally acting Anticholinergics(Cogentin) block acetylcholine which maintains balance between dopamine and acetylcholine in brain
Action of Antiviral (Symmetrel) stimulate DA release; prevent DA reuptake; block cholinergic and glutamate receptors
Therapeutic Action of Anti-Parkinson’s Med Don’t stop progression of Parkinsons; but offer relief from dyskinesias
Side/Adverse Effects of Anti-Parkinson’s Med Nausea, drowsiness – admin with food, Dyskinesias (bobbing head, tics),Orthostatic Hypotension, Cardiovascular effects from Beta1 stimulation, Discoloration of sweat/urine
Contraindications/precautions of Anti-Parkinson’s Med Mirapex, malignant melanoma, MAOI, narrow-angle glaucoma
Contraindications/precautions of Levodopa Contraindicated in pt with malignant melanoma, Do use with 2 weeks of MAOI use
Contraindications/precautions of Anticholinergic agents Contraindicated in pt with narrow-angle glaucoma
Med/Food Interactions of Levodopa Proteins interfere with absorption and transport across blood-brain barrier; protein decrease therapeutic effects, Compazine, Pyridoxine, Haldol decrease therapeutic effects; MAOI cause hypertension; Varbidopa increase therapeutic effects
Interventions of Anti-Parkinson’s Med Takes a bit for med to kick in
Prototype Medications of Anti-Parkinson’s Med Dopaminergics - levodopa; Dopamine agonists – Mirapex; Centrally acting anticholinergics – Cogentin; Dopamine releaser – Symmetrel
Action of Antipsychotics - Atypical Blocks serotonin and to a lesser degree dopamine receptors; Also block NE, histamine, and acetylcholine; Reduces positive symptoms, greater reduction of negative symptoms
Created by: BrandiLynn
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