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Psyc1010_chapter 9
Chapter 9 Intelligence & Language
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Intelligence: | ability to think, learn from experience, solve problems & adapt to new situations |
| General Intelligence Factor(g) | the construct that the different abilities & skills measured on intelligence test have in common |
| Specific Intelligence (s) | measure of a specific skill in narrow domain |
| Triarchic (3-part) Theory of Intelligence | R. Sternberg- suggests that people may display more/less of: analytical, creative and practical intelligence |
| Standardization | administering a test to large # of people @ different ages; computing average score on the test @ each level |
| Intelligence Quotient (IQ) | measure of intelligence that is adjusted for age |
| Mental Age | age @ which person is performing intellectually |
| Personal Selection | use of structured tests to select people who are likely to perform well @ given job |
| Emotional Intelligence | ability to identify, assess, understand emotions & effectively control own emotions |
| Normal Distribution/ "Bell Curve" | pattern of scores usually observed in a variable that cluster around its average |
| Mental Retardation | generalized disorder ascribed people who have an IQ below 70, who experienced deficits since childhood, have trouble w/basic life skills |
| Down Syndrome | chromosomal disorder leading to mental retardation & caused by the presence of all/part of an extra 21st chromosome |
| Eugenics | the proposal that 1 could improve the human species by encouraging/ permitting reproduction of only those people w/ genetic characteristics judged desirable |
| Stereotype Threat | Performance decrements that are caused by the knowledge of cultural stereotype |
| Phoneme | smallest unit of sound that makes a meaningful difference in language |
| Morpheme | string of 1/more phonemes that makes up the smallest units of meaning in language |
| Syntax | the set of rules of language by which we construct sentences |
| Contextual Information | information surrounding language-to help us interpret it |
| Critical Period | time which learning can easily occur |
| Plasticity | brain's ability to develop new neutral connections |