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Motivation Myers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Motivation | a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior |
| Instinct | a complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned |
| drive-reduction theory | explains behavior as arising from a physiological need that creates an aroused tension state (drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy a need |
| homeostasis | the body's tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state |
| incentives | positive or negative environmental stimuli that motivate behavior |
| hierarchy of needs | human motives may be ranked from the basic, physiological level through higher-level needs for safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization; the more basic needs are more compelling than the higher-level ones |
| flow | a state of focused consciousness on a task that optimally engages a person's skills; often involves diminished awareness of self and time |
| industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology | sub-field of psychology that studies and advises on issues related to optimizing behavior in workplaces |
| personnel psychology | sub-field of I/O psychology that applies psychological methods and principles to the selection and evaluation of workers |
| organizational psychology | sub-field of I/O psychology that explores how work environments and management styles affect worker motivation, satisfaction, and productivity |
| achievement motivation | desire for significant accomplishment; mastery of things, people, or ideas; and attaining a higher standard |
| task leadership | goal-oriented leadership that sets standards, organizes work, and focuses attention on goals |
| social leadership | group-oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support |
| theory X | managers assume employees are basically lazy, error-prone, and extrinsically motivated by money so they should be directed from above |
| theory Y | managers assume that under the proper conditions, employees are intrinsically motivated to achieve self-esteem, and to demonstrate their competence and creativity |
Created by:
ninacn
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