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Rad Protection
Agencies and Regulations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The agency that developed the units of measurement | ICRP- Intl Commission on Radiological Protection |
| THe agency that creates the standards for radiation protection, is not an enforcement agency | NCRP - National council on Radiation protection and measurements |
| The agency that enforces the radiation protection standards | NRC- Nuclear Regulatory Agency |
| Unit of measurement that measures radiation in the air ; used with machines | Roentgen |
| RAD | Radiation absorbed dose |
| Equates the biological damage of any form of radiation to x-ray and gamma ; used on dosimetry reports | REM - roentgen equivalent man |
| -the sequence of events following high level exposure to radiation that leads to death within days or weeks | acute radiation syndrome |
| Which type of barrier: 1/16" lead equ 7 ' high | primary barrier |
| Which type of barrier: 1/32 " lead equ 1/2" overlap | secondary |
| How many times must the beam scatter before entering the control booth? | twice |
| What is the min filtration if using above 70 kVp? | 2.5 mm Al equiv |
| What is the min filtration if using 50-70 kVp? | 1.5 mm Al equiv |
| What is the min filtration if using below 50 kVp? | 0.5 mm Al equiv |
| Occupational EDE annual limt | 50 mSv / 5 Rem |
| Occupational EDE cummulative limit | 10 mSv x age / 1 rem x age |
| occupational EDE for lens of eye | 150 mSv / 15 Rem |
| occupational EDE for all other organs | 500 mSv / 50 Rem |
| public exposures continuous/frequent | 1 mSv / 0.1 Rem |
| public exposures infrequent | 5 mSv / 0.5 Rem |
| public exposure lens of eye | 15 mSv / 1.5 Rem |
| public exposure skin, hands, feet | 50 mSv / 5 rem |
| Exposure for the public is what % allowed for an occupational worker? | 10% |
| education and training under 18 EDE limit | 1 mSv / 0.1 rem |
| education and training under 18 EDE lens of eye | 15 mSv / 1.5 rem |
| education and training under 18 EDE skin, hands, feet | 50 mSv / 5 rem |
| EDE mothly allowance for embryo-fetus | 0.5 mSv / 0.05 rem |
| When doing moblie radiography, how far away should the technologist stand from the patient and the machine when making an exposure? | 6 ' |
| What is the max exposure rate at tabletop for fluoroscopy? | 2.1 R / Min for each mA of operation at 80 kVp |
| Under no circumstances should the exposure exceed what? | 10 R / min |
| What is the max avg mA of current during fluoro? | 2-4 mA |
| During fluoro min total filtration should be? | 2.5 mm Al |
| If using 5 mA at 3 min what is the exposure rate? | 3(2.1) = 6.3 6.3(5) = 31.5 |
| For every milliamp of fluoroscopic technique, one can assume a tabletop intensity of? | 2 rad / min |
| How much radiation would be produced at 4 mA and 3 mins of exposure? | 2(3) = 6 6(4) = 24 |
| 95% of all occupational exposure comes from what? | Fluoro and portable |
| The neck will receive up to ___ times more radiation than at the waist. | 20 |
| Min distance for fluoroscopy tube to tabletop for a stationary unit is? | not less than 38 cm / 15" |
| Min distance for fluoroscopy tube to tabletop for a mobile unit is? | not less than 30 cm / 12" |
| Bucky slot cover should have ___ mm Pb equiv | 0.25 |
| What criteria should the protective curtain meet? | 0.25 mm Pb equiv 45 cm x 45 cm |
| What is the min Pb requirements for aprons and gloves? What is most common? | 0.25 mm 0.50 mm |
| Why is 0.50 most commonly use for aprons and gloves? | bc there is 88% attenuation at 75 kVp |
| What is the min Pb equiv for eye shields? | 0.35 mm |
| What is the min Pb equiv for thyroid shields? | 0.50 mm |
| WHat is the measure of beam quality? | HVL - half value layer |
| -that amt of specified material that will reduce the intensity of the beam to 1/10 its initial value -used when talking about primary barrier protection | Tenth value layer - TVL |
| -there is no dose so low that a person has a negligible chance of sustaining biological change | non-threshold |
| -a dose below which a person has a negligible chance of sustaining biological change | threshold |
| The avg genetic dose for the population should not exceed what? | 170 mRem / yr |
| The max allowable radiation leakage from diagnostic tube housing is? | 100 mR / hr at a distance of 1 meter |
| PBL of the collimator must be accurate to within __ % of the SID | 2 |
| PBL of the collimator must have no more than __ % variation for reproducibility. | 5 |
| PBL of the collimator must have no more than __ % variation for linearity. | 10 |
| When should a " Caution Radiation Area" sign be used? | where the prevailing exposure rate is more than 5 mR / hr but less than 100 mR / hr |
| When should a " Caution High Radiation Area" sign be used? | Where the exposure rate is greater than 100 mR / hr |
| List from highest gonadal dose to lowest for a male: IVP, Pelvis, Lumbar Spine, abdomen | Pelvis, lumbar spine, IVP abdomen |
| List from highest gonadal dose to lowest for a female: Abdomen, Pelvis, Lumbar Spine, IVP | Lumbar Spine, IVP, abdomen, Pelvis |
| A min distance of __ cm must be btwn the collimator and the pt's skin | 15 cm |
| Suggested wkly MPD for a radiographer is? | 100 mRem |
| A __ % increase in congenital abnormality is est to follow a 10 rad exposure. | 1 |
| The intensity of scatter radiation 1 meter from the pt is __% of the intensity of the useful beam at the pt. | 0.1 |
| ___ kVp and ___ mAs technique give the lowest pt dose. | high, low |
| What is the first step in providing gonadal protection must be to ? | properly collimate the beam |
| Gonad shields should be used when the gonads lie in the direct beam or within __ cm of the direct beam. | 5 |
| When are flat contact shields used? | AP and PA |
| When are shaped shields used? | for upright, oblique, lateral |
| When are shadow shields used? | around sterile fields |
Created by:
erikasmith28
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