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POETRY TERMS #1
9th grade poetry terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| alliteration | The repetition of similar consonant sounds in a line of poetry |
| initial alliteration | When alliteration occurs at the beginning of words (jump for joy) |
| hidden alliteration | When alliteration occurs within words (sunshine and shadow) |
| allusion | A reference in one work of literature to a person, place, or event in another work of literature or in history, art, or music |
| analogy | An extended comparison showing the similarities between two thing |
| assonance | The repetition of similar vowel sounds, usually close together, in a group of words (free and easy; mad as a hatter) |
| ballad | A story (a narrative poem) told in verse and usually meant to be sung |
| literary ballad | a ballad in which a known writer imitates a folk ballad |
| folk ballad | A story told in verse that is by an unknown author and meant to be sung (A type of narrative poetry) |
| blank verse | Verse written in unrhymed iambic pentameter, where each line usually contains ten syllables and every other syllable is stressed |
| connotation | The emotion or association that a word or phrase may arouse |
| couplet | Two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme |
| denotation | The literal or “dictionary” meaning of a word |
| diction | A writer’s choice of words (particularly for clarity, effectiveness, and precision |
| dramatic poetry | Poetry in which one or more characters speak |
| figurative language | Language that is not intended to be interpreted in a literal sense; saying one thing in terms of another |
| figure of speech | A term applied to a specific kind of figurative language, such as metaphor or simile |
| foot | a unit of poetic meter; the number of rhythmic beats in a line |
| free verse | Poetry that has no fixed meter or pattern and that depends on natural speech rhythms; it may rhyme or it may not; its lines may be of different lengths |
| iambic pentameter | The most common verse line in English poetry consisting of five feet of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable |
| imagery | Language that appeals to any sense or any combination of the senses |
| literary ballad | A story told in verse in which a known writer imitates a folk ballad |
| lyric poetry | Poetry that expresses a speaker’s personal thoughts or feelings |
| metaphor | A comparison between two unlike things (with the intent of giving added meaning to one of them) WITHOUT using words of comparison |
| implied metaphor | does not directly state that one thing is another; it implies the comparison |
| meter | A generally regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry |
| iamb | one unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable |
| pentameter | name for the number of 5 feet in a poem |
| monologue | A long, uninterrupted speech (in a narrative or drama) that is spoken in the presence of other characters |
| narrative poetry | Poetry that tells a story (a ballad is an example) |
| onomatopoeia | The use of a word whose sound in some degree imitates or suggests its meaning; the word is the sound; the sound is the word (cuckoo; snap; clang; rustle; tick tock; hiss) |
| parallelism | The use of phrases, clauses, or sentences that are similar or complementary in structure or in meaning |
| paraphrase | A summary or recapitulation of a piece of literature |
| personification | A figure of speech in which an animal, an object, a natural force, or an idea is given personality, or described as if it were human |
| Petrarchan Sonnet | A fourteen-line lyric poem consisting of two parts: the octave and the sestet whose rhyme scheme is a set rhyme scheme of abbaabba cdecde (or cddccd or cdcdcd) which also written using iambic pentameter Also called Italian sonnet |
| refrain | A word, phrase, line, or group of lines repeated regularly in a poem, usually at the end of each stanza |
| repetition | The return of a word, phrase, stanza form, or effect in any form of literature (as seen in alliteration, rhyme, refrain) |
| rhyme | The repetition of sound in two or more words or phrases that usually appear close to each other in a poem |
| end rhyme | When the rhyme occurs at the ends of lines |
| exact rhyme | When the words at the ends of lines rhyme exactly |
| internal rhyme | When the rhyme occurs within a line |
| approximate (or near rhyme or partial rhyme or slant rhyme) | When the final sounds of words are similar, but not identical (EX: cook/lack; word/Lord) |
| rhyme scheme | The pattern of rhymes in a poem |
| rhythm | The arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables in a pattern |
| Shakespearean Sonnet | A fourteen-line lyric poem consisting of three quatrains and a couplet with the following rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg |
| simile | A comparison made between two dissimilar things through the use of a specific word of comparison such as like, as, than, or resembles (Dorothy is like a golden flower) |
| sonnet | A fourteen-line lyric poem usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter with a set rhyme scheme; Two types: Shakespearean sonnet (or English sonnet); Petrarchan sonnet (or Italian sonnet) |
| speaker | The voice in a poem which may be the poet or may be a character created by the poet. |
| stanza | A group of lines forming a unit in poem |
| symbol | Any object, person, place, or action that has a meaning in itself and that also stands for something larger than itself, such as a quality, an attitude, a belief, or a value |
| theme | The main idea or the basic meaning of a literary work |
| tone | The attitude a writer takes toward his or her subject, characters, and readers |
| stanza names | couplet, tercet (or triplet), quatrain, cinquain, sestet, heptastich, octave |
Created by:
ptitkemeier