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RN Pharm Exam 2
Nursing Process/Considerations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Osmotic Laxative lactulose (Cephulac) | -Monitor Blood Ammonia Levels -Assess Neurological Status |
| Antacids aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) | -Constipation -Hyperphosphateremia |
| Histamine-2 Blockers ranitidine (Zantac) | -Impotence and gynecomastia reversible -Confusion in Older Adult |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) lansoprazole (Prevacid) | -Administer before meals -Monitor AST and ALT levels |
| Antiemetics Odansetron (Zofran) | -Monitor for Side Effects/ Headache, Diarrhea, Dizziness and Fatigue |
| Antidiarrheals Diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil) | -Contraindicated for diarrhea r/t intestinal infestations, e.g. bacteria, protozoa |
| Antidiarrheals Diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil) | -Anticholinergic side effects -Paralytic ileus (functional bowel obstruction) |
| Antihistime Diphenhyramine (Benadryl) | -Drowsiness -Photosenstivity -Anticholinergic Side effects |
| Brochodilators Beta-2-adrenergic agonists/albuterol (Proventil) | -Side effects/CNS Stimulation -Adverse/Rapid Ventricular Dysrrhythmias |
| Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists Montelukast (Singulair) | -Prophylaxis for asthmatic condition -Not indicated for acute asthma attack -Monitor Liver Functions |
| Inhaled Glucocorticoids (Steroids) Beclomethasome (Vanceril) | -Localized side effects include throat irritation, dry mouth -Candida albicans (oropharyngeal infections) -Instruct client to rinse mouth after use or use spacer |
| Mucolytics Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) | -Used as Mucolytic must be administered by nebulization -Never mix with other drugs -Side effects include stomatitis |
| Antihypertensives Cultural Responses to Antihypertensive Agents | -African Americans respond well to diuretics as inital monotherapy for hypertension -Effective 'combination'diuretics and beta blockers |
| Antihypertensives: Beta-1-adrenergic blockers (Beta Blockers) metoprolol (Lopressor) propranolol (Inderal) | -Adverse effects include bradycardia, bronchospasm and heart block -Teach client to monitor heart rate |
| Antihypertensives: Alpha Adrenergic Blockers prazosin (Minipress) | Adverse Effects include: -Orthostatic hypotension -Pancreatitis -Retention of Sodium and Water -Monitor for Morning Edema |
| Antihypertensives ACE inhibitors | -Primary Side Effect is dry, constant cough -Other side effects include hyperkalemia -Major Adverse Effects are first dose hypotension and hyperkalemia |
| Antihypertensives Calcium Channel Blockers | Side Effects/ Adverse Effects include: headache, orthostatic hypotension, ankle edema, AV Block |
| Cardiac Glycosides digoxin (Lanoxin) | -Digoxin Toxicity/2 Causes -Pre-Med Assessment -Antidote for OD/ digoxin immune fab (Digibind) -Normal therapeutic range=0.5-2ng/mL |
| Antianginals Nitroglycerin (NTG) | -Most common Side Effect is headache -Adverse Reactions include hypotension, reflex tachycardia. |
| Antianginals Nitroglycerin (NTG) | -Can be administered SL, Nasal Spray, IV and transdermal patch |
| Diuretics Thiazides Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) | -Monitor for S/S hypokalemia -Monitor blood glucose level/ may cause hyperglycemia especially in diabetic client |
| Diuretics High Loop Furosemide (Lasix) | -Monitor serum potassium levels -Monitor for S/S hypokalemia - Adverse Effects include severe hypotension and dehydration -Instruct client to take diuretic in morning. |
| Diuretics Potassium-Sparing Triamterene (Dyrenium) | -Observe for S/S hyperkalemia -Avoid Potassium-Rich Foods -Can cause photosensitivity |
| Antilipidemics HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/ "Statins" | -Monitor Liver Enzymes -Common Side Effect= Constipation -Serious,life-threatening adverse reaction= rhabdomyolysis |
| Antilipidemics Cholesterol absorption inhibitor/ezetimibe (Zetia) | -Monitor Liver functions -Often combined with a statin, e.g. Vytorin |
| Antilipidemics Nicotinic acid (Niacin/vitamin B2) | -Very Bothersome Side Effects include flushing of the skin -Take Aspirin Before to Reduce Flushing |
| Anticoagulants Heparin and Warfarin (Coumadin) | -Adverse Effect: Bleeding, hemorrhage -Decrease diet rick in Vitamin K (warfarin) -Anticoagulant Antagonists/ Heparin= protamine sulfate Warfarin= vitamin K |
| Thrombolytics Alteplase (Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tpa) | Adverse Reactions include hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage |
Created by:
alnicho44
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