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GJHS PhySci Final P1
GJHS PhySci Final Part1 (2011-2012)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| If you landed on the moon, your ____________ would be the same as on Earth. | mass |
| The smallest particle of an element is called a(n)_____________. | atom |
| The horizontal rows in the periodic table are called _____________. | periods |
| Describing a metal as ____________ means it can be pounded into a new shape. | malleable |
| Fusion is the process where nuclei _____________. | combine |
| The attraction between oppositely charged ions result in a ___________ bond. | ionic |
| When electrons are ____________, a covalent bond is formed. | shared |
| A _____________ bond forms when two pairs of electrons are shared. | double |
| Adding a solute to a solvent will ____________ the freezing point. | lower |
| Bases form __________ _______ when dissolved in water. | Hydroxide ions |
| ____________, algae, and some bacteria convert energy via photosynthesis. | Plants |
| During combustion, a fuel's _____________ energy is converted to thermal energy. | chemical (or potential chemical) |
| Which skill are you using when you use your five senses to gather information? | observation |
| Facts, figures, and other evidence learned through observation is called _______. | data |
| An example of a qualitative observation is _______________. a. 25*C b. 5km/h c. green | green |
| A _______________ ______________ is a well tested statement that explains a wide range of observations. | scientific theory |
| Mixing a milkshake is an example of a _______________ change. | physical |
| Burning gasoline is an example of a ______________ change. | chemical |
| Hardness, color, and flammability are all examples of _____________. | properties |
| Water is made of _____________ kinds of atoms. (How many?) | two |
| _____________________ consist of two or more substances that are NOT chemically combined. | Mixtures |
| A _________________ contains substances that do NOT keep their individual properties. | compound |
| Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances are called _____________. | elements |
| In chemistry, elements are represented by _____________. | symbols |
| The measurement of the force of gravity on an object is the object's ________________. | weight |
| The measurement of how much matter an object contains is the object's ___________. | mass |
| The SI unit for mass is the ___________. | gram |
| The measurement of the amount of mass contained in a given volume is called _______________. | density |
| How would you calculate the density of an object? | mass divided by volume |
| The density of a block of wood with a volume of 50 cubic centimeters and a mass of 100 grams is ________. | 2g/cm3 |
| All elements are composed of extremely small particles called ____________. | atoms |
| The first person known to think that matter is made of atoms was _________. | Democritus |
| According to Dalton's theory of atoms, all atoms in any element are _________ __________. | exactly alike |
| Dalton's theory states that atoms of different elements are _________ from each other. | different |
| A group of atoms that are bonded together is called a(n)____________. | molecule |
| ______________ ______________ hold atoms together in a molecule. | Chemical bonds |
| Gold can easily be separated from other parts of a mixture because gold has a high ___________. | density |
| The process of using an electric current to break chemical bonds is called ________________. | electrolysis |
| A _________ has a positive charge. | proton |
| Very energetic negative particles in an atom are called _________________. | electrons |
| Electrons involved in bonding are called ______ electrons. | valence |
| What is the greatest number of valence electrons an atom can have? | eight |
| Mendeleev created the first periodic table by arranging the known elements in order of increasing ___________ _____. | atomic mass |
| ________________ predicted the discovery and properties of elements that would fit into his table. | Mendeleev |
| The MODERN periodic table is arranged in order of increasing ___________ __________. | atomic number |
| The element's ______________ _____________ predicts the proton count of an atom. | atomic number |
| From an element's location in the periodic table, you can predict its ___________. | properties |
| The elements in a column of the periodic table are in the same ________ (or group). | family |
| Across a period of element, the number of valence electrons ___________ from 1 to 8. | increase |
| Metals are located to the ___________ of the zigzag line. | left |
| Most metals are NOT __________ at room temperature. (state of matter) | liquid (or gaseous) |
| Metals show a wide range of ____________ _______________. | chemical properties |
| In the periodic table, the most reactive metals are found in Group ________. | one |
| __________ ___________ _________ have two valence electrons in their atoms. | Alkaline earth metals |
| Most nonmetals are located to the __________ of the zigzag line. | right |
| ________________ are used to make semiconductors. | Metalloids |
| At room temperature, more than half of the nonmetals are _________. (State of matter) | gases |
| Sodium bonds with chlorine to form a substance we call _______ _______. | table salt |
| Which member of the Carbon family is a nonmetal? | Carbon |
| Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine are all part of a family called ____________. | halogens |
| Which kind of elements share characteristics with both metals and nonmetals? | Metalloids |
| During nuclear _____________ small nuclei combine to form larger nuclei to create heavier elements. | fusion |
| The state of matter in which atoms are stripped of their electrons and nuclei are packed tightly together is called ____________. | plasma |
| The sun is made mostly of the element ______________. | Hydrogen |
| Chuck Norris only recognizes the element of ________. | SURPRISE! HA HA HA HA! |
| An atom or group of atoms with an electrical charge is called a(n) ________. | ion |
| When an atom loses an electron, it becomes a __________ ion. | positive |
| When an electron is transferred from sodium to chlorine, the chlorine atom becomes a_____________ ______. | negative ion |
| An ionic bond is formed from the attraction between ___________ charged ions. | oppositely |
| An ionic bond is formed when electrons are _______________. | transferred |
| Ionic compounds are electrically __________. | neutral |
| How many chlorine ions (1-) are needed to cancel the 2+ charge of magnesium in magnesium chloride? | two |
| Ions made of more than one atom are called ________________ _______. | polyatomic ions |
| What is the chemical name for Na2S? (Pretend the 2 is small and at the bottom of the text....) | sodium sulfide |
| The ionic compound MgO is called _____________ ___________. | Magnesium Oxide |
| Ionic compounds do NOT have _______ melting points? | low |
| An ionic compound can conduct electricity when ___________ in _________. | dissolved; water |
| A chemical bond formed when atoms share electrons is called a(n) ______ bond. | covalent |
| A double bond is where atoms share ________ pairs of electrons. | two |
| How many pairs of electron are shared in a triple bond? | three |
| Which element can never have eight valence electrons even when if forms bonds? | hydrogen (and helium) |
| A molecular compound consists of molecules that have ____________ bonded atoms. | covalently |
| A property shared by molecular compounds is they have a _____ boiling point. | low |
| Molecular compounds don't conduct electricity because they don't break into _______. | ions |
| A covalent bond where the electrons are shared unequally is called _________. | polar |
| The particles in a _____________ are undissolved but do not settle out. | colloid |
| When 40mL of alcohol form a solution with 30mL of water, ____________ is the solvent. | alcohol |
| A scientist can test whether a solution contains salt or sugar by testing the electrical __________. | conductivity |
| When a compound ______________ in water, each of its particles are surrounded by water molecules. | dissolves |
| Weak tea is an example of a ____________ solution. | dilute |
| When you add so much solute that no more can dissolve, you have a ____________ solution. | saturated |
| You can increase the solubility of carbon dioxide in water by __________ the water. | chilling |
| You can use a(n) ___________ to chemically etch metal. | acid |
| When a solute is added to a solvent, the freezing point is ______________ than the freezing point of the pure solvent. | lower |
| Acids turn blue litmus paper ________. (Actually, it turns ALL litmus paper this color, including blue litmus paper) | red |
| __________ _________________ is the best teacher EVER!!! | Ms. Traynor |
| Strong acids can produce designs on printing plates because they are ______________. | corrosive |
| A substance that tastes bitter, feels slippery, and turns litmus paper blue is called a ________. | base |
| You are most likely to find a _____________ in household cleaners. | base |
| Any substance that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in water is a(n) __________. | acid |
| Acid naturally found in food are safe to eat because they are _________. | weak |
| If a solution has a pH of 9, it is ________. | basic |
| ______________________ is a reaction between an acid and a base. | Neutralization |
| A neutralization process produces __________ and a _________. | water; salt |
| The process that breaks down complex molecules of food into smaller particles is called ______________. | digestion |
| Compared to saliva, the pH of stomach juice is ____________. | lower |
| In physical science, a push or a pull is called a _____________. | force |
| When two equal forces work on the same object in opposite opposite directions,the net force is ___________. | zero |
| When two forces act on the same object in the same direction, the forces are ___________ ___________. | added together |
| The tendency of an object to resist change in motion is called _________________. | inertia |
| The amount of matter an object has is called its ______. | mass |
| Force equals mass times ______________. | acceleration |
| The force that one surface exerts on another when they rub together is called ____________. | friction |
| The force of gravity on an object at the surface of a planet is called ____________. | weight |
| Weight equals mass times acceleration due to ____________. | gravity |
| _____________ is the ability to do work. | Energy |
| Energy is measured in units called ____________. | joules |
| _________________ energy is the energy associated with motion. | Kinetic |
Created by:
Ms. Traynor-Grimes (Ms.TG)
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