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ch 7 physicalscience

QuestionAnswer
REACTANTS substance that undergo change
PRODUCTS the new substance formed as a result of that change
THE LAW OF CONSERVATION mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction
CHEMICAL EQUATION is a representation of a chemical reaction in which that reactants and products are expressed as formulas
MASS IS CONSERVE during a reaction a chemical equation must be balanced
COEFFICIENTS the number that appears before the formula in a chemical equation to show the relative proportions of each reating product
CHEMICAL USE THIS COUNTING UNIT chemical reactions often involve large numbers of small particles,the unit called mole to measure the amounts of a substance
MOLE an amount of a substance that contains approximately particles of the substance
MOLAR MASS the mass of one mole of a substance
THE MASS OF A REACTANT OR PRODUCT chemical reactions can be calculated by using a balanced chemical equation and molar masses of the reactants and products
GENERAL TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS synthesis reactions, decomposition reactions, single replacement reactions, double replacement reactions, and combustion reactions
SYNTHESIS REACTION a chemical reaction in which two or more substance react to form a single substance
DECOMPOSITION REACTION a chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into two or more simpler susbstance
SINGLE REPLACEMENT REACTION a chemical reaction in which one elements takes the place of another element im a compound
DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS a chemical reaction in whic two compound exchange positive ions and form two new compounds
COMBUSTION REACTIONS a chemical reaction in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen often producing heat and light
DISCOVERY OF A SUBATOMIC PARTICKLE enables scientists to classify certain chemical reactions as transfers of electrons between atoms
OXIDATION REDUTION REACTION a chemical reactions in which electrons are tranferred from one reaction to a nother
CHEMICAL ENERGY the energy store in chemical bonds
CHEMICAL REACTIONS INVOLVE the breaking of chemical bonds in the products
DURING CHEMICAL REACTION energy is either released or absorbed
EXOTHERMIC REACTION a chemical reaction that releases energy to its sorrounding
ENDORMIC REACTION a chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings
REACTION RATE rates tell you how fast a reaction is going
FACTORS THAT EFFECT REATION RATES includes temperature, surface area, concentration, stirring , and catalysts
CATALYST a substance that effects the rate of a chemical reaction whitout being used up in the reaction
EQUILIBRIUM a state in which the foward and reverse paths of a physical or chemical change take place at the same rate
WHEN PHYSICAL DOES NOT go to completion equilibrium is established between the forward and reverse changes
WHEN A CHEMICAL DOES NOT go to completion a equilibrium is established between the forward and reverse reactions
CHANGE INTRODUCED TO A SYSTEM EQUILIBRIUM the equilibrum shifts in the direction that relieves the change
Created by: hispanic911
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