A function that accesses an object but does not change it.

A value that specifies the location of a variable in memory.

Aggregation relationship

The "has-a" relationship between classes.

ANSI/ISO C++ Standard

The standard for the C++ language that was developed by the American National Standards Institute and the International Standards Organization.

A parameter value in a function call

A collection of values of the same type

The -> operator. p->m is the same as (*p).m.

The American Standard Code for Information Interchange

Placing a new value into a variable.

A class from which another class is derived.

A file in which values are stored in their binary representation and cannot be read as text.

A fast algorithm for finding a value in a sorted array. It narrows the search down to half of the array in every step.

A device with a given specification but unknown implementation.

A group of statements bracketed by {}.

Boolean/Logical operator

An operator that can be applied to Boolean values. C++ has three of these operators: &&

A test case involving values that are at the outer boundary of the set of legal values. For example

Trying to access an array element that is outside the legal range.

A statement that terminates a loop or switch statement.

A number between 0 and 255 (eight bits). Essentially all currently manufactured computers use a byte as the smallest unit of storage in memory.

The number of values that a data structure such as an array can potentially hold

Distinguishing upper- and lowercase characters.

Converting a value from one type to a different type. For example

A programmer-defined data type.

The line you type when you start a program in a command window. It consists of the program name and the command line arguments.

Command line arguments

Additional strings of information provided at the com-mand line that the program can use.

An explanation to make the human reader understand a section of a program

A program that translates code in a high-level language such as C++ to machine instructions.

Placing one string after another.

A value that cannot be changed by the program. In C++

A function that initializes a newly allocated object.

The part of a computer that executes the machine instructions.

A pointer that does not point to a valid location.

A variable that is present in every object of a class.

A program that lets a user run another program one or a few steps at a time

A statement that announces the existence of a variable

A constructor that can be invoked with no parameters.

A statement or series of statements that fully describes a variable

The operator that recycles memory to the heap.

A class that modifies a base class by adding data members

A structure on a disk that can hold files or other directories

The notation object.function(parameters) used to invoke a member function on an object.

A storage location in an array.

The hiding of implementation details.

A character in text that is not taken literally but has a special meaning when combined with the character or characters that follow it. The \ charac-ter is an escape character in C++ strings.

A condition that prevents a program from continuing normally.

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C++ Programming

Question	Answer
Accessor function	A function that accesses an object but does not change it.
Address	A value that specifies the location of a variable in memory.
Aggregation relationship	The "has-a" relationship between classes.
Algorithm	An unambiguous
ANSI/ISO C++ Standard	The standard for the C++ language that was developed by the American National Standards Institute and the International Standards Organization.
Argument	A parameter value in a function call
Array	A collection of values of the same type
Arrow operator	The -> operator. p->m is the same as (*p).m.
ASCII code	The American Standard Code for Information Interchange
Assignment	Placing a new value into a variable.
Base class	A class from which another class is derived.
Binary file	A file in which values are stored in their binary representation and cannot be read as text.
Binary search	A fast algorithm for finding a value in a sorted array. It narrows the search down to half of the array in every step.
Bit	Binary digit
the smallest unit of information	having two possible values
Black Box	A device with a given specification but unknown implementation.
Block	A group of statements bracketed by {}.
Boolean/Logical operator	An operator that can be applied to Boolean values. C++ has three of these operators: &&
Boolean type	A type with two values
Boundary test case	A test case involving values that are at the outer boundary of the set of legal values. For example
Bounds error	Trying to access an array element that is outside the legal range.
break statement	A statement that terminates a loop or switch statement.
Byte	A number between 0 and 255 (eight bits). Essentially all currently manufactured computers use a byte as the smallest unit of storage in memory.
Capacity	The number of values that a data structure such as an array can potentially hold
Case-sensitive	Distinguishing upper- and lowercase characters.
Cast	Converting a value from one type to a different type. For example
Character	A single letter
Class	A programmer-defined data type.
Command line	The line you type when you start a program in a command window. It consists of the program name and the command line arguments.
Command line arguments	Additional strings of information provided at the com-mand line that the program can use.
Comment	An explanation to make the human reader understand a section of a program
ignored by the compiler.
Compiler	A program that translates code in a high-level language such as C++ to machine instructions.
Compile-time/syntax Error	Logic error
an error in a syntactically correct program that causes it to act differently from its specification.
Concatenation	Placing one string after another.
Constant	A value that cannot be changed by the program. In C++
Constructor	A function that initializes a newly allocated object.
CPU	The part of a computer that executes the machine instructions.
Dangling Pointer	A pointer that does not point to a valid location.
Data Member	A variable that is present in every object of a class.
Debugger	A program that lets a user run another program one or a few steps at a time
Declaration	A statement that announces the existence of a variable
Default constructor	A constructor that can be invoked with no parameters.
Definition	A statement or series of statements that fully describes a variable
delete operator	The operator that recycles memory to the heap.
Derived class	A class that modifies a base class by adding data members
Directory	A structure on a disk that can hold files or other directories
also called a folder.
Dot notation	The notation object.function(parameters) used to invoke a member function on an object.
Element	A storage location in an array.
Encapsulation	The hiding of implementation details.
Escape character	A character in text that is not taken literally but has a special meaning when combined with the character or characters that follow it. The \ charac-ter is an escape character in C++ strings.
Exception	A condition that prevents a program from continuing normally.
Executable file	The file that contains a program's machine instructions.
Explicit parameter	A parameter of a member function other than the object on which the function is invoked.
Expression	A syntactical construct that is made up of constants
Extension	The last part of a file name
Failed stream state	The state of a stream after an invalid operation has been attempted
File	A sequence of bytes that is stored on disk.
File pointer	The position within a file of the next byte to be read or written. It can be moved so as to access any byte in the file.
Floating-point number	A number with a fractional part.
Folder	Directory
Function	A sequence of statements that can be invoked multiple times
Global variable	A variable whose scope is not restricted to a single function.
Header file	A file that informs the compiler of features that are available in another module or library.
Heap	A reservoir of storage from which memory can be allocated when a program runs.
IDE (Integrated Development Environment)	A programming environment that includes an editor
Implicit Parameter	The object on which a member function is called. For example
#include directive	An instruction to the preprocessor to include a header file.
Index	The position of an element in an array.
Inheritance	The "is-a" relationship between a general base class and a specialized derived class.
Initialization	Setting a variable to a well-defined value when it is created.
Integer	A number without a fractional part.
Integer division	Taking the quotient of two integers and discarding the remainder. In C++
Interface	The set of functions that can be applied to objects of a given type.
Lexicographic ordering	Ordering strings in the same order as in a dictionary
Library	A set of precompiled functions that can be included in programs.
Linker	The program that combines object and library files into an executable file.
Local variable	A variable whose scope is a single block.
Logic error	An error in a syntactically correct program that causes it to act differently from its specification.
Loop	A sequence of instructions that is executed repeatedly.
Loop and a half	A loop whose termination decision is neither at the beginning nor at the end.
Machine code	Instructions that can be executed directly by the CPU.
Magic number	A number that appears in a program without explanation.
main function	The function that is called first when a program executes.
Member function	A function that is defined by a class and operates on objects of that class.
Memory	The circuitry that stores code and data in a computer.
Memory leak	Memory that is dynamically allocated but never returned to the heap manager. A succession of memory leaks can cause the heap manager to run out of memory.
Modules operator	The % operator that yields the remainder of an integer division.
Mutator function	A member function that changes the state of an object.
Nested block	A block that is contained inside another block.
Nested loop	A loop that is contained in another loop.
new operator	The operator that allocates new memory from the heap.
Newline	The '\n' character
Object-oriented programming	A programming style in which tasks are solved by collaborating objects.
Off-by-one error	A common programming error in which a value is one larger or smaller than it should be.
Opening a file	Preparing a file for reading or writing.
Operator	A symbol denoting a mathematical or logical operation
Operator precedence	The rule that governs which operator is evaluated first. For example
Overloading	Giving more than one meaning to a function name or operator.
Overriding	Redefining a function from a base class in a derived class.
Parallel arrays	Arrays of the same length
Parameter variable	A variable in a function that is initialized with the argument value when the function is called.
Pointer	A value that denotes the memory location of an object.
Polymorphism	Selecting a function among several functions with the same name
Prompt	A string that prompts the program user to provide input.
Prototype	The declaration of a function
Pseudocode	A mixture of English and C++ used when developing the code for a program.
Pseudorandom numbers	A number that appears to be random but is generated by a formula.
Public interface	The features of a class that are accessible to all clients.
Random access	The ability to access any value directly without having to read the values preceding it.
Recursive function	A function that can call itself with simpler values. It must han dle the simplest values without calling itself.
Reference parameter	A parameter that is bound to a variable supplied in the call. Changes made to the parameter within the function affect the variable outside the function.
Relational operator	An operator that compares two values
Reserved word	A word that has a special meaning in a programming language and therefore cannot be used as a name by the programmer.
Return value	The value returned by a function through a return statement.
Roundoff error	An error introduced by the fact that the computer can store only a finite number of digits of a floating-point number.
Scope	The part of a program in which a variable is defined.
Selection sort	A sorting algorithm in which the smallest element is repeatedly found and removed until no elements remain.
Sentinel	A value in input that is not to be used as an actual input value but to signal the end of input.
Sequential access	Accessing values one after another without skipping over any of them.
Slicing an object	Copying an object of a derived class into a variable of the base class
Source file	A file containing instructions in a programming language.
Stepwise refinement	Solving a problem by breaking it into smaller problems and then further decomposing those smaller problems.
Stream	An abstraction for a sequence of bytes from which data can be read or to which data can be written.
String	A sequence of characters.
Structure	A construct for aggregating items of arbitrary types into a single value.
Stub	A function with no or minimal functionality.
Substitution principle	The rule that states that you can use a derived-class object whenever a base-class object is expected.
Syntax	Rules that define how to form instructions in a particular programming language.
Syntax error	An instruction that does not follow the programming language rules and is rejected by the compiler.
Tab character	The '\t' character
Test coverage	The instructions of a program that are executed when a set of test cases are run.
Text file	A file in which values are stored in their text representation.
Trace message	A message that is printed during a program run for debugging purposes.
Type	A named set of values and the operations that can be carried out with them.
Unary operator	An operator with one argument.
Unicode	A standard code that assigns values consisting of two bytes to characters used in scripts around the world.
Uninitialized variable	A variable that has not been set to a particular value. It is filled with whatever "random" bytes happen to be present in the memory location that the variable occupies.
Unit test	A test of a function by itself
Value parameter	A function parameter whose value is copied into a parameter vari-able of a function. If a variable is passed as a value parameter
Variable	A storage location that can hold different values.
Vector	The standard C++ template for a dynamically-growing array.
Virtual function	A function that can be redefined in a derived class. The actual function called depends on the type of the object on which it is invoked at run time.
void	A reserved word indicating no type or an unknown type.
Walkthrough	Simulating a program or a part of a program by hand to test for correct behavior.
White space	A sequence consisting of space

Created by: adnandzebic

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