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Science Quiz 5-10-12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define binary compound. | A chemical compound that contains exactly two different elements |
| Ionic Naming: what first? | Cation first, anion second |
| Ionic compounds formed between what? | A metal and a nonmetal |
| Covalent Naming: what first? | Element with lower group number first, higher second, same group: higher period first |
| Define chemical reaction. | Forms a new substance with different properties than the starting properties |
| How do you know that a reaction is taking place? | Formation of a gas or solid, color or energy change |
| How do we write chemical formulas? | From names of ionic/covalent compounds |
| Define subscripts. | small, bottom right of the chemical symbol, tell how many of each element are in the formula |
| Define coefficients. | Numbers preceding formula telling numbers of molecules |
| What is the law of conservation of mass? | Mass cannot be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction |
| What does a balanced equation use to show the law of conservation of mass? | Coefficients |
| What are the four types of chemical reactions? | Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Replacement, and Double Replacement |
| What is a decomposition reaction? | A single reactant breaks apart into 2 or more simpler products |
| What is a single-replacement reaction? | A more-reactive element takes the place of a less-reactive element |
| What is a double-replacement reaction? | Ions in two compounds switch places, forming a gas or precipitate |
| What is a synthesis reaction? | Two or more elements or compounds combine to make a more complex substance |
| Define chemical equation. | Represents the total chemical change that occurs in a chemical reaction |
| Define reactants. | Changed substances |
| Define products. | Produced substances |
| Define physical reaction. | Change in shape, size, or temperature |
| What happens during a chemical reaction? | Breaking up of reactant molecules to make new product molecules |
| What is given off by some reactions? | Heat |
| Define reagent. | All substances involved in a chemical reaction |
| What does an arrow indicate in a chemical reaction? | In which direction reactant proceeds |
| What does a double arrow represent? | Reactant can proceed in either direction |
| Why are proportions so important in chemical reactions? Real-world example? | To determine how many of each component are in the reaction- baking a cake |
| How are proportions represented in chemical reactions? | Numbers preceding each reagent's formula |
| Define catalyst. | Substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction but isn't consumed by it |
| What are special conditions in a chemical reaction? | Reactants heated, high pressure, catalysts |
| What laws are important to remember when balancing equations? | Conservation laws: atoms, electrons, mass, energy |
| What is a balanced chemical equation? | One in which the amount of each element and the amount of electrical charge are the same in the reactants and the products |
| Relate balanced chemical reactions to reactants and products. | The reactants and products are equal in a balanced chemical equation. |
Created by:
reneslacis
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