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Attitudes
Social Psychology - Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is social psychology? | the study of individuals in groups (both formal and informal) |
| what is studied in social psychology? | attitudes, aggression, law, sports, health, relationships, etc. |
| what is a formal group? | a set time frame, rules, leaders, etc. |
| what is an informal group? | no time frame or anything organized (ex: friends and family) |
| what is an attitude? | a lasting evaluation of ppl, groups, objects, or issues |
| what are some examples of attitudes? | pro-life/pro-choice, death penalty, homosexuality |
| what are the ABC's (components) of attitude? | Affect, Behavior, and Cognition |
| what is Affect? | You truly form a strong attitude when you get emotional about a topic |
| what is Behavior? | your intentions to act on your attitude |
| what is cognition? | the way you think about a topic... most want to learn what they already know (read about the card's game even though you went to it last night) |
| do attitudes influence behavior? | LaPiere's study says NO |
| What was LaPiere's study? | called 250 hotels/restaurants and asked if they would serve him and his two chinese friends (92% said NO, yet when they went to these exact hotels/restaurants, 99% DID serve them) |
| sometimes attitudes do predict behavior but only if... | attitude specifity, attitude's strength, relevance, accessibility |
| what is attitude specifity? | attitude is specific rather than general |
| what is your attitude's strength? | how intensely you feel about this attitude |
| what is relevance? | extent to which attitude has an effect on the life of the person |
| what is accessibility? | the ease with which specific attitudes can be brought to mind |
| to behaviors influence attitudes? | Festinger's study says YES |
| what was Festinger's study? | he did the "boring study" with either $1 or $20... students that were given 20 to lie, said that the study was boring, but they got paid 20 bucks, the 1 ppl said it really wasn't such a bad study! |
| what is dissonance? | unharmoniance, disagreeance |
| what was the results of the headset study? | some were told to nod, some told to shake their head from left to right, the nodders said they liked the headphones, the shakers said they didn't. |
| what is internal attribution? | your friend failed a test, therefore they are stupid |
| what is external attribution? | you fail a test, therefore the teacher is a bad teacher |
| what is this called? (internal vs. external attribution) | Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) |
| what is the Just World Hypothesis? | we actively try to explain negative events in such a way that we won't feel vulnerable ourselves |
| what does 'blaming the victim' do for us? | allows us to maintain a sense of assurance that we are safe, but at the expense of being sympathetic to others |
| Who did the conformity study? | Asch |
| What did Asch's study conclude? | it is very difficult to not conform to a group |
| What did Miligram do? | An Obedience to Authority Study |
| what did Miligram's study conclude? | most will follow orders even if they are very uncomfortable with those orders |
| who is Kitty Genovese? | Woman stabbed, beaten, and killed in front of her apartment building... no one helped her. |
| What did Kitty's case prove? | the more ppl that are around, the less likely they are to give help! |
| What is this diffusion of responsibility called? | Bystander Intervention Effect |
| What is Deindividuation? | people go along with a group because they feel anonymous in a group and lose their own sense of self, values, and morals (you would never do that by yourself, but in a group you would) |
| what is social facilitation? | when ppl do better in a group, try harder, perform better |
| what is social loafing? | ppl try less hard when they are in a group of others. |
| What is the self-fulfilling prophecy? | When someone labels you something you are not, yet you become that thing. |