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ILS Ch 22, 23 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Geology | study of Earth’s composition, structure, and history |
| Forces | chemical and physical shape the Earth |
| Lithosphere | crust and upper mantle |
| 3 layers of Earth’s interior | crust, mantle, core |
| Mineral | inorganic solid with crystal structure and a characteristic chemical composition |
| Cleavage | fracture along regular planes |
| Types of rocks | igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary |
| Metamorphic | formed by intense heat and pressure |
| Rock cycle | series of processes that change a rock from one type to another |
| Sedimentary | formed by compaction and cementation |
| Continental Drift | continents move slowly over the earth’s surface |
| Wegener | rejected because he could not explain how continents moved through the sea floor |
| Mid | ocean ridges |
| Mantle convection | heat created by radioactive decay |
| Transform boundaries | plates slide past each other |
| Fault | break in rock where movement occurs |
| Plate movements | cause stress in Earth’s crust |
| Focus | where an earthquake begins |
| P waves | vibrate in the direction of the wave’s motion |
| Moment Magnitude Scale | energy released by an earthquake |
| S waves | can not pass through outer core (liquid) |
| Magma chamber | where magma collects in a volcano |
| Magma | rises to surface because it is less dense than rock |
| Type of eruption | quiet, hot low silica magma (shield volcano) explosive, high silica magma (steep |
| Batholith | largest intrusive igneous feature |
| Sill | intrusive igneous feature with sandstone, granite and limestone |
| Water Cycle | Diagram, condensation, evaporation, precipitation |
| Erosion | weathering, gravity, wind, example, streams ability depends on speed |
| Evaporation | water from liquid to gas |
| Freshwater | most liquid in groundwater |
| Aquifer | saturated permeable rock |
| Chemical weathering | due to rain, oxidation, and acids, limestone most effected |
| Landslide | rapid movement of rock and soil down a slope |
| Creep | results in tilted telephone poles and fences |
| Water erosion | creates meanders, valleys, and oxbow lakes |
| Delta | sediment deposit when a stream flows into an ocean |
| Meanders | gently sloping flood plains |
| Oxbow lakes | gently sloping flood plains |
| Groundwater | forms caves and sinkholes by erosion |
| Till | unsorted sediment deposited by a glacier |
| Horn | glacial formation of combined ridges |
| Wind erosion | deflation and erosion |
Created by:
evroman
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