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Water, , is an example of a(n) ________.
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Identify the number with the most significant figures
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chemistry SOU
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Water, , is an example of a(n) ________. | chemical |
| Identify the number with the most significant figures | 1.0709 |
| Which measument below has the greatest measurement uncertainty? | 20 ml |
| DDT was a good pesticide because ________. | A) it had low toxicity to animals B) it was cheap to prepare C) it was toxic to many insects D) it had low toxicity to humans E) all the above answer is E |
| Which of the following is a chemical | sugar |
| Employing scientific information to develop new materials to benefit society is an example of ________. | technology |
| Identify the state of matter that has the highest level of energy | Gas |
| In order to enhance your learning in chemistry, you should not ________. | wait until the night before the exam to study |
| Mercury has a specific gravity of 13.6. How many milliliters of mercury have a mass of 0.35 kg? | 26 mL |
| In order to enhance your learning in chemistry, you should not | Wait until the night before the exam to study |
| How many significant figures are in the number 0.00208? | three |
| One cup of kidney beans contains 15 g of protein, 1g of fat and 42 g of carbohydrate. How many kilocalories, up to two significant figures, does this sample contain | 240 kcal |
| There is more traffic between 8 and 9 in the morning most people start work at 9. This would be an | Hypothesis |
| The first step in the scientific method is | Making observations |
| DDT is a type of | Insecticide |
| When a gold nugget with a mass of 521 g is added to 50.0 ml of water, the water level rises to 77.0 ml. what is the density of gold? | 19.3 g/ml |
| Which of the following is not considered an exact number | 100.0 f. a patient temperature |
| 650 j is the same amount of energy as | 155 cal |
| Titanium dioxide is a chemical used in toothpaste to | Make the paste white |
| A patients height is 170 cm which is equivalent to | 5 feet 7 inches |
| One millisecond is equivalent to | 0.01 seconds |
| Sodium monofluorophosphate is a chemical used in toothpaste to | Strengthen tooth enamel |
| Chloroflurocarbons are destructive to the | Ozone layer in the upper atmosphere |
| The number of calories needed to raise temperature of 32 g. of water from 12 c to 54 c is | 1300 cal |
| Which of the following conversion factors is a measured number? | 25 miles/gallon |
| You notice there is more traffic between 8 and 9 in the morning. This would be an | Observation |
| Identify the ionic compound | Magnesium bromide |
| Select the correct symbol for the element potassium | K |
| The name of Al2(SO4)3 is | Aluminum sulfate |
| The number of valence-shell electrons in all noble gases except helium is | 8 |
| Select the correct symbol for the element silver | Ag |
| The number of electron energy levels in a magnesium atom is | 3 |
| The VSEPR theory allow us to determine the | Shape of a molecule |
| In which of these compounds is a polar covalent bond formed | H2O |
| The number of electron in a neutral atom with 30 protons and 34 neutron is | 30 |
| Double and triple bonds form because | Single covalent bonds do not give all of the atoms in the molecule eight valence electrons |
| Which of the following elements does not exist as a diatomic molecule | Carbon |
| Select the correct symbol for the element sodium | Na |
| Which of the following properties is not a characteristic of the group 1A(1) elements (alkali metals) | Most of them are liquids at room temperature |
| Air is an | Homogeneous mixture |
| The correct symbol for the isotope of potassium with 22 neutron is | 41 K 19 |
| How many electrons will chlorine gain or lose when it forms an ion | Gain 1 |
| The correct formula for a compound formed from the elements AL and O is | Al2O3 |
| Which of the following elements is a nonmetal | Nitrogen |
| Which of the following compounds contain an ion with a 3+ charge | FeCl3 |
| Select the correct symbol for the element iron | Fe |
| Calculate the molar mass of magnesium chloride, MgCl2 | 95.3 |
| Which of the following is an oxidation-reduction reaction | N2 +O2 →2NO |
| In a _______ reaction, two or more elements or compounds form one product | Combination |
| Which of the following correctly gives the best coefficients for the reaction N2H4 +H2O2‾ N2 +H2O | 1,2,1,4 |
| What is the coefficient of hydrogen, H2, when the following equation is balanced: :Al + H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 + H2 | 3 |
| How many atoms are present in a molecule with the molecular formula of C6H12O6 | 24 |
| A chemical equation is balanced when | The number of atoms of each element is the same in reactants and products |
| Find the mass of ALCl3 that is produced when 25.0 grams of AL2O3 react with HCl according to the following equation: Al2O3 + 6HCl = 2AlCl3 + 3H2O | 65.4 |
| One mole of helium gas weighs | 4.00 g |
| A reaction that releases energy as it occurs is classified as an | Exothermic reaction |
| How many particles does one mole of particles of any substance contain? | 6.02 X 10^23 |
| The molar mass of potassium is | 39.1 g |
| The positive ions in the reacting compounds switch places in a | Double replacement reaction |
| A reaction that releases energy as it occurs in classified as an | Exothermic reaction |
| If the reaction shown below is exothermic, the energy level of the reactants is: H2 + O2 = 2H2O | Higher than that of the products |
| How many molecules of water, H2O, are present in 75.0 grams of H2O | 4.17 moles |
| What is the molar mass of sucrose (C12H22O11)? | 342.0 g |
| 2H2O electricity = 2H2 + O2 reaction takes place when an electric current is passed through water. It is an example of a | Decomposition |
| How many moles of Carbon atoms are there in 0.500 mole of C2H6 | 1.00 mole |
| Which of the following is an example of a physical change? | Grinding coffee beans |
| Chemical equilibrium tells us | How rapidly a reaction will occur |
| The heat content of a system is known a | Enthalpy |
| How many grams of CO2 are produced from 125 g of O2 and excess CH4? | 85.9 g of CO2 |
| Consider this equation 2Mg + O2 = 2MgOthe # of moles of MgO produced when 0.20 mole of O2 reacts completely is | 0.40 mole |
| 4.00 moles of sodium have a mass of | 92.0 g |
| Which of the following is a neutralization reaction | HNO3 + KOH = H2O + KNO3 |
| Which of the following statements correctly describes the hydronium-hydroxide in the given solution | In bases, [OH-] is greater than [H3O+] |
| The name given to an aqueous solution of HBr is | Hydrobromic acid |
| In a neutralization reaction | An acid and a base react to form a salt and water |
| A solution with a pH of 4 is | Moderately acidic |
| What is the [OH-] in a solution that has a [H3O+] = 1 x 10 ^-6 m? | 1x 10^-8M |
| The function of a buffer is to | Maintain the pH of a solution |
| Which of the following is a characteristic of bases? | Has a slippery, soapy feel |
| What is the pH of a solution with [H3O+] = 1 x 10^-9 M? | 9.0 |
| Buffers are solutions that resist pH change when small amounts of | Acids or bases are added |
| A solution with [OH-] of 5x 10^-3 has a pH of | 11.7 |
| What is the pH of a 0.00001 molar HCl solution? | 5 |
| Bile has a pH of 8.0, so the H+ concentration is | 1x 10^-8 M |
| which of the following is the correctly balanced equation for the complete neutralization of H3PO4 with Ca(OH)2? | 2H3PO4 + 3Ca(OH)2 = Ca(PO4)2 +6H2O |
| which of the following is correctly identified? | NaOH, strong base |
| which of the following could be a buffer? | HF + NaF |
| according to the Bronsted-Lowry definition | a base is a proton acceptor |
| the name given to an aqueous solution of HBr is | hydrobromic acid |
| the [H3O+] of a solution with pH = 2.0 is | 1 x 10^-2 M |
| for Kw the product of [H3O+] and [ OH-] | 1 x 10^-14 |
| the pH value of arterial blood is | 7.35 – 7.45 |
| a 10.0 mL of 0.12 M H2SO4 is neutralized by 17.1 mL of KOH solution. The molarity of the KOH solution is | 0.142 M |
| the correct formula for sulfuric acid is | H2SO4 |
| identify the Bronsted- lowry acid in the following reaction | H2O |
| if a condition of hypoventilation occurs, the blood pH of the patient is expected to | Decrease |
| The unit used to measure the amount of radiation absorbed by a gram of material is called | r a d |
| Nuclear reaction 126 Sn50 = 126 Sb51 +? Is an example of | Beta emission |
| A sample of l-131 decays from 12 microcuries to 3.0 microcuries in 16 days. What is half-life of 1-131? | 8 days |
| Which of the following has the greatest amount of energy? | gamma rays |
| The substance whose half-life is 704 million years is | Uranium-235 |
| Which is not a way to minimize your exposure to radiation? | Staying a longer time |
| Technetium-99 is a radioactive isotope used to develop pictures of internal body organs. It has a half-life of 6.02 hours. If we start with 100 mg of a technetium-99m containing compound, how much of it is still radioactive after one day? | 6 mg |
| What is the radioactive particle released in the following nuclear equation? 159 W74 = 155 Hf 72 +? | Alpha particle |
| When aluminum-27 is bombarded with a neutron, a gamma ray is emitted. What radioactive isotope is produced? | Aluminum-28 |
| A patient received 4x10^3 mrads of iodine-131, which emits-particles. If the factor that adjusts for biological damage is 1 for β-particles, how many rems did the patient receive? | 4 rems |
| The symbol o-1 eis a symbol used for an | Beta particle |
| A wooden object from a prehistoric site has a carbon-14 activity of 10 counds per minute (cpm) compared to 40 cpm for new wood. If carbon-14 has a halft-life of 5730 years, what is the age of the wood | 11,500 yr |
| Which of the following measures the biological damage of radiation | Radiation equivalent in humans-REM |
| The radioactive particle that has the deepest penetration depth is | Gamma particle |
| Which is not a way to minimize your exposure to radiation | Staying a longer time |
| The dosage of technetium-99m for myocardial imaging is 280 µCi/kg of body weight. How many mCi should be given to a patient weighing 65 kg? | 18 mCi |
| The half-life of bromine-74 is 25 min. how much of a 4.0 mg sample is still active after 75 min? | 0.50 mg |
| Beta particles are the same as | Electrons |
| The nuclear symbol that completes the equation is an 240 AM95 +? →243Bk97 +1nO | Alpha particle |
| A person begins to suffer radiation sickness at an exposure level of | 100 rem |
| The half-life of a radioisotope is | The time it takes for on-half of the sample to decay |
| When an atom of uranium-235 is bombarded with neurons, it splits into smaller nuclei and produces a great amount of energy. This nuclear process is called | fission |
| Which of the following types of radiation has the highest energy? | y-rays |
| What is the radiation particle used in the bombardment of nitrogen-14? 14N7 +? → 14C6 +1H1 | neutron |
| For 85 Sr 38, there are | 38 protons and 47 neutrons |
| In the IUPAC naming system, an aldehyde is named by replacing the-e of the name of the corresponding alkane with | al |
| Amides are derivative of ___ and ___ | Amines, acids |
| How many valence electrons does carbon have? | four |
| What is the name for this three-carbon alkyl group? CH3 – CH- CH3 │ | Iso-propyl |
| What a-hydroxy acid is found predominantly in grapes? | Tartaric acid |
| What functional group is always found in alkaloids (such as caffeine, nicotine, and digitalis)? | amine |
| The functional group contained in the compound | ester |
| What is the name of the following compound? | CH3 │ CH3 –CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH-CH3 2-methylhexane |
| The iupac name of CH3 – CH=CH –CH3 | 2-butane |
| In an amine functional group the central atom is | nitrogen |
| A formula that shows the arrangement of all bonds in a molecule is called an | Expanded structural formula |
| The functional group contained in the compound CH3 –CH2 – NH2 | amine |
| What is the iupac name for this alkane? CH2 –CH3 │ CH3- CH- CH- CH2 – CH3 │ CH3 3,4 dimethylhexane | CH2 –CH3 │ CH3- CH- CH- CH2 – CH3 │ CH3 3,4 dimethylhexane |
| An alkene is a carbon compound that contains a ___bond | double bond |
| Isomers are molecules that share the same formula and have | A different arrangement of atoms within the molecule |
| The functional group contained in the compound O ║ CH3-CH2-C-O-H | O ║ CH3-CH2-C-O-H Carboxylic acid |
| Why do carboxylic acids have higher boiling points than similar alcohols or aldehydes? | They form dimmers that are relatively stable |
| Small molecules that make up the repeat unit in polymers are called | monomeres |
| What is the name of a one-carbon alkyl substituent? | methyl |
| the alcohol and carboxylic acid required to form propyl ethanoate are | 1-propanol and ethanoic acid |
| Which of the following is not typical of most organic compounds | high melting points |
| Which part of soap is responsible for its ability to dissolve fats and oily dirt? | The hydrophobic end |
| Identify the amine salt | sudafed |
| When naming an alkene, the parent chain is the longest carbon chain? | That contains both atoms of the double bond |
| unsaturaed fatty acids have a lower melting point than saturated fatty acids because | the cis double bonds give them an irregular shape |
| the fluid mosaic model of a cell membrane, the main component of a membrane is | lipid bilayer |
| which of the following is not a function of lipids in the human body | emulsification |
| lipids are compounds that are soluble in | chloroform |
| which of the following lipids will give a single molecule of fatty acid when hydrolized | wax |
| which of the following type of lipid describes both aldosterone and testosterone | steroids |
| the steroid hormone that increases the blood glucose and glycogen levels from fatty acids and amino acids are | cortisone |
| the products of hydrolysis of neutral fats are | fatty acids and glycerol |
| a lipoprotein particle functions to | store lipids i the tissues |
| a fatty acid salt can act as a soap to remove grease because | the nonpolar tails of the salt dissolve in the grease and the polar salts ends dissolve in water |
| which of the followin is not a function of glycerophospholipids | aid in digestion |
| the synthesis of lipid takes place in the | small intestine |
| which of the following types of lipid is most slouble in water | triacyleglycerols |
| the products of the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of a fat are | fatty acids and glycerol |
| a polyunsaturated fatty acid contains more than one | double bond |
| compared to saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids have | lower melting points |
| which of the following is not a lipoprotein that carries nonpolar lipids throughout the bloodstream? | glycerol |
| a triaclyglycerol that is solid at room temperature is called an | fat |
| a basic amino acid has a side chain that contains | an amine group |
| a chain made of more than 50 amino acids is usually referred to as an | protein |
| the optimal temperature for most enzymes is | 37 C |
| which of the following is a secondary protein structure | alpha helix |
| the fribrous protein responsible for the structure of hair and wool is | keratin |
| most enzymes are deativated permanently above a temperature of about | 50 C |
| in any reaction catalyzed by an enzyme, the reacting molecule is called the | substrate |
| the bonds that are important in the secondary structure of a protein are | hydrogen bonds |
| the function of myoglobin is to | carry oxygen in the muscles |
| on boiling, egg white becomes opaque due to | denaturation |
| the most important factor for a protein to function properly is its | shape and size |
| enkephalins, namturally produced opiates in the body, are found in | thalamus and spinal cord tissue |
| urea is converted to ammonia and carbon dioxide by the action of urease. what will be the effect on the rate if the temperature is lowered from 37 c to 27 c | the rate will slow down |
| the presence of enzymes to catalyze bioreactions in our bodies allows | bioreation to take place under mild conditions |
| hemoglobin has a total of ____ protein chains in its quantenary structure | four |
| the formation of an enzyme-subtrate complex is the ___ step in enzyme action | first |
| most enzymes are | globular proteins |
| in a typical amino acid, zwitterion, the carboxylic acid end is | negatively charged |
| which of the following is not a function of proteins | stores the genetic information of a living organisim |
| within hemoglobin , the heme functions as | an oxygen carrier |
| the heme in hemoglobin is an | small molecule within a protein |
| the fibrous protein responsible for the structure of hair and wool is | keratin |
| sucrase, the protein that facilitates the hydrolysis of sucrose, would be classified as a ____protein | catalytic |
| what is considered the library of all the blueprints for life | chromosomes |
| when mRNA is synthesized using the information from DNA, the process is called | transcription |
| the result of a defective enzyme caused by a mutation in the DNA nucleotide sequence is | a genetic disease |
| suring protein synthesis, the codon for an amino acid is found on | mRNA |
| the anticodon is | complementary to the codon on mRNA |
| which of the following types of RNA carries the gentic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes | mRNA |
| a virus does not have | nucleotides |
| paramyxovirus causes | mumps |
| the base sequence of the strand of DNA complementary to the segment t-g-g-c-a-a-c | a-c-c-g-t-t-g |
| in the genetic code, a codon is a sequence of | three bases |
| when a mutation occurs by elimination of one base in a DNA sequence, this mutation is called | frame-shift mutation |
| a DNA template having the base sequence a-g-a-t-g-a | u-c-u-a-c-u |
| which one of the following base pairs is found in DNA | adenine-thymine |
| the replication of DNA | produces two molecules, each iwth half of the old DNA molecule and half with the new DNA strand joined together |
| the two strands of the double helix of DNA are held together by | hydrogen bonds |
| which of the following pairing would not occur in a DNA molecule | t-c |
| which of the following is a section of mRNA produced from the DNA template | u-a-u-c-g-a-u |
| translation is the process wherby | protein is systhesized from mRNA |
| _____molecules carry protein assembly instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm | messenger RNA |
| the replacements of one base with another in the coding strand of DNA is called a | substitution mutation |
| which of the following is found in RNA but not in DNA | uracil |
| what is considered to be a blueprint of a trait | gene |
| in transcription | the mRNA produced is complementary to one strand of the DNA |
| the amino acid that is needed for the formation of melanin is | tyrosine |
| a _____ consists of a nitrogen containing base and a sugar | nucleoside |
| what is the total amount of ATP produced per molecule of glucose in cellular respiration | 36 |
| in the L-isomere of a fisher projection of a monosaccharide, the -OH group furthest from the carbonyl is writeen | on the left of the bottom chiral carbon |
| ketosis is a condition that can occur if | ketone bodies cannot be completly metabolized |
| the initial digestion of protein is catalzyed by an enzyme called | pepsin |
| in step 7 of glycolysis, ATP is generated when phosphate group is transffered directly from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADP in a process known as | substrate level phosphorylation |
| under acid hydrolysis conditions, start is converted to | glucose |
| glycolysis is an ___process | anaerobic |
| maltose is a | disaccharide |
| myristic acid, a C14 fatty acid, undergoes the B-oxidation cycle ____times | 6 |
| what is a molecule said to be when the third phosphat of ATP is attached to it | phosphorylated |
| the type of functional group that is found in carbohydrates is the | carbonyl group |
| which of the following compounds in the citric acid cycle undergoes oxidative decarboxylation | isocitrate |
| the compounds in electron transport that remove hydrogen ion and electrons from NADH are classified as | electron carriers |
| the total number of ATP molecule created by the anaerobic and aerobic metabolism of one glucose molecule is | 36 |
| hyperglycemia is a condition in which | the glucose level in the blood is higher than normal |
| digestion of carbohydrates begins in the | mouth |
| in the electron transport chain, the synthesis of ATP from ADP +Pi is called | oxidative phosphorylation |
| which of the following contains a B-1,4-glycosidic bond | lactose |
| galactose is a product of enzymaic hydrolysis of | lactose |
| step 5 of the citric acid cycle is the hydrolysis of succinyl coA. in this reaction | the energy released is used to make GTP |
| the components of the electron chain do not include | acetyl CoA |
| cytosol is a solution of | enzymes and electrolytes |
| where specifically does glycolysis occur | cytosol |
| overall, one turn of the citric acid cycle produces | three, NAHD molecules |
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