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States of Consciousn
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the state and degree of awareness of external events, internal sensations, the self, and thoughts is __ | consciousness |
| daily behavioral and physiological cycles is __ | circadian rhythm |
| the active stage of sleep when dreaming occurs is __ | REM sleep |
| anything that acts on the nervous system to alter consciousness, modify perception, and change mood is _ | psychoactive |
| a drug that slows down mental and physical activity is a __ | depressant |
| a drug that increases the central nervous system’s activity is a __ | stimulant |
| a drug that modifies perceptual experiences, producing sensations that are not real is a __ | hallucinogen |
| the two parts of consciousness are __ | awareness and arousal |
| active focus, problem solving, debating, and competing are which type of awareness? | higher-level |
| Automatic processing, typing, daydreaming, relaxation, and meditation are which level of awareness? | lower-level |
| Drugs, trauma, shock, fatigue, and hypnosis are all which level of awareness? | altered state of consciousness |
| Freud's Unconscious, sleeping, and dreaming are all which level of awareness? | Subconscious awareness |
| Anesthesia and being knocked out are which level of consciousness? | No Awareness |
| Why are daydreams useful? | they help us solve problems, remember things to do, and come up with creative ideas |
| When is daydreaming lethal? | during psychology class |
| What is incubation? | The working out of a problem subconsciously |
| Are you conscious during sleep? | Yes |
| What controls the circadian rhythm more than any other factor? | light |
| Why do we need sleep? It conserves energy, the brain and body are restored, and memories/information/learning consolidate | |
| What is the best thing that you can do before a big test? | get a full night's rest |
| What are the effects of too little sleep? | increased stress, decreased attention, lessened ability to think complex thoughts, decreased moral judgments, overall poor health |
| During which stage of sleep are you fully alert? | wakefullness |
| During which stage of sleep are you likely to have sudden jerking motions and a sensation of falling? | Stage 1 |
| During which stage of sleep are you starting to decrease your muscle movements? | Stage 2 |
| During which stage of sleep are you first deeply asleep with complete muscle relaxation? | Stage 3 |
| During which stage of sleep are your memories and learning consolidating? | Stage 4 |
| During which stage of sleep are you dreaming, yet very close to being awake? | REM |
| How long does the sleep cycle typically last? | 90 minutes |
| When do you get your best deep sleep? | First half of sleep |
| When do you get your best REM? Second half of sleep | |
| How long is the first REM stage? | about 10 minutes |
| What often happens to the sleep of someone that is depressed? | They have less stage 3 and 4 sleep |
| What disorder is the inability to fall or stay asleep? | insomnia |
| What disorder is the inability to stay awake? Narcolepsy | |
| How do cognitive theorists explain dreams? | dreams are just the manifestations of normal thoughts |
| How do activation-synthesis theorists explain dreams? | Random neural activity is being interpreted by the brain |
| Which country has the highest rate of adolescent drug use? | USA! All the way! |
| Why do drug users tend to need larger doses after repeated uses? | Their body builds up a tolerance to the drug, and so they need to take more and more in order to achieve the same effect. |
| Why are psychoactive drugs so addictive? | Dependencies start in the most primitive and basic parts of the brain |
| Which depressant affects relaxes the body and depresses judgment and inhibitions? | alcohol |
| Which depressant is involved in 60% of all homicides and 65% of all sexual assaults? | alcohol |
| Which depressants slow behavior, have a calming effect in low doses, lead to drowsiness and confusion in large doses, are mildly addictive and cause withdrawal symptoms only if stopped suddenly? | tranquilizers |
| Which class of depressants are powerful painkillers, cause euphoria, are highly addictive, and include heroin and morphine? | opiates |
| Which stimulant is the most widely used psychoactive drug in the world? | caffeine |
| Which stimulant mimics the neurotransmitter responsible for blood vessel dilation and conversion of fatty acids into sugars? | caffeine |
| Which stimulant creates alertness, gives a large high followed by a large crash, and causes a permanent weakened ability to feel natural pleasures? | methamphetamines |
| Which stimulant has a high of about 15-30 minutes and causes agitation and depression as it depletes dopamine and serotonin? | cocaine |
| What is the most potent form of cocaine? | crack |
| Which stimulant, commonly known as Ecstasy, causes feelings of social connectedness and well-being, but later inhibits serotonin and makes it difficult to feel normal again for several days? | MDMA |
| Which hallucinogen is powerful in low doses and has common side effects of dizziness, nausea, and tremors? | LSD |
| Which hallucinogen causes euphoria, relaxation, and time distortion? | marijuana |
| In which state of consciousness are subjects unusually susceptible to suggestions? | hypnosis |
| Are you still able to control your behavior while under hypnosis? | Yes |
| Can a hypnotist make you do something that you would not otherwise be willing or able to do? | No |
| Are you asleep while hypnotized? | No |
| Can you be hypnotized without your consent? | No |
| How does hypnotism vary from person to person? | Not everyone can be hypnotized, and some are strongly affected while others are not affected at all. |
| What are some uses of hypnosis? | Reduce pain, end addictions, treat depression |
| What is meditation like? | Achieve a peaceful state of mind, your thoughts are not occupied by worry, mindfully present to thoughts but not consumed by them |
| What are the immediate physical effects of meditation? | Heart and breathing rates decrease, body relaxes, still completely awake |
| What are the long-term benefits of meditation? | stress reduction, enhanced immune system, reduced anxiety, overall feelings of well-being, better control of blood pressure and cardiovascular health, improved concentration, emotional resiliency, moral maturity |
Created by:
mrjones
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