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(TAMUCC) Psych Ch.12
Psychology Terms Ch. 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| disorders reflecting abnormalities of the mind | psychological disorders |
| the conceptualization of psychological abnormalities as diseases that, like biological diseases, have symptoms, causes, and possible cures. | medical model |
| a classification system that describes the features used to diagnose each recognized mental disorder and indicates how the disorder can be distinguished from other, similar problems | DSM-IV-TR |
| the co-occurrence of two or more disorders in a single individual | comorbidity |
| a model suggesting that a person may be predisposed for a mental disorder that remains unexpressed until triggered by stress | Diathesis-stress model |
| the class of psychological disorder in which anxiety is the predominant feature | anxiety disorder |
| a disorder characterized by chronic excessive worry accompanied by three or more of the following symptoms: restlessness, fatigue, concentration problems, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbance | generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) |
| disorder characterized by marked, persistent, and excessive fear and avoidance of specific objects, activities, or situations | phobic disorders |
| irrational fear of a particular object or situation that markedly interferes with an individual's ability to function | specific phobia |
| irrational fear of being publicly humiliated or embarrassed | social phobia |
| the idea that people are instinctively predisposed toward certain fears | preparedness theory |
| a condition in which normal cognitive processes are severely disjointed and fragmented, creating significant disruptions in memory, awareness, or personality that can vary in length from a matter of minutes to many years | dissociative disorder |
| the presence within an individual of two or more distinct identities that at different times take control of the individual's behavior | dissociative identity disorder (DID) |
| mental disorder that has mood disturbances as the predominant feature. Ex: depressive disorders and bipolar disorder | mood disorder |
| a severely depressed mood that lasts 2 or more weeks and is accompanied by feelings of worthlessness and lack of pleasure, lethargy, and sleep and appetite disturbances | major depression |
| periodic major depression and dysthymia | double depression |
| the same cognitive and bodily problems as in depression are present, but they are less severe and last longer- persisting for at least 2 years | dysthymia |
| recurrent depressive episodes in a seasonal pattern | seasonal affective disorder (SAD) |
| individuals who are prone to depression automatically attribute negative experiences to causes that are internal, stable, and global | helplessness theory |
| an unstable emotional condition characterized by cycles of abnormal, persistent high mood (mania), and low mood (depression) | bipolar disorder |
| a disorder characterized by the profound disruption of basic psychological processes; a distorted perception of reality; altered or blunted emotion; and disturbances in thought, motivation, and behavior | schizophrenia |
| this disorder has the following symptoms: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized behavior, paranoid, catatonic, disorganized, undifferentiated, and residual | symptoms of schizophrenia |
| the idea that schizophrenia involves an excess of dopamine activity | dopamine hypothesis |
| disorder characterized by deeply ingrained, inflexible patterns of thinking, feeling, or relating to others or controlling impulses that cause distress or impaired functioning | personality disorder |
| schizotypal, paranoid, schizoid | odd/eccentric cluster |
| antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic | dramatic/erratic cluster |
| avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive | anxious/inhibited cluster |
| a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood | antisocial personality disorder (APD) |
Created by:
lmarbach
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