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Antibiotics

name - target - use - side effects

Drug NameDrug targetSide EffectsUse
polypeptides: bacitracin, colistin, polymyxinB cell wall Kidney and nerve damage (when given by injection) Eye, ear or bladder infections; usually applied directly to the eye or inhaled into the lungs; rarely given by injection
Beta lactams: penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems and monobactams, cell wall * Gastrointestinal upset and diarrhea * Nausea (if alcohol taken concurrently) * Allergic reactions
fosfomycin cell wall
glycopeptides cell wall
trimethoprim folic acid synthesis DHF -> THF
sulfonamides folic acid synthesis - PABA -> DHF
quinolones: ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloacin, moxifloxacin, norflaxacin, ofloacin, trovafloxacin DNA gyrase or the topoisomerase IV enzyme, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and transcription. Nausea (rare), tendinosis (rare) Urinary tract infections, bacterial prostatitis, bacterial diarrhea, gonorrhea
nitrofurantoin DNA
nitrimidazole DNA
rifampin RNA polymerase
aminoglycosides: amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, netilmicin, tobramycin, paromomycin, streptomycin, neomycin. protein synthesis * Hearing loss * Vertigo * Kidney damage * Ear damage, hearing loss Infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Effective against Aerobic bacteria (not obligate/facultative anaerobes.
lincosamide protein synthesis
macrolides: Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin, Telithromycin, Spectinomycin protein synthesis * Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea (especially at higher doses) * Jaundice (liver toxicity for telithromycin) Streptococcal infections, syphilis, respiratory infections, mycoplasmal infections, Lyme disease
tetracyclines: Doxycycline, Minocycline, Oxytetracycline protein synthesis * Gastrointestinal upset * Sensitivity to sunlight * Staining of teeth (especially in children) * Potential toxicity to mother and fetus during pregnancy Syphilis, chlamydial infections, Lyme disease, mycoplasmal infections, acne rickettsial infections
Created by: perfectscore
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