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Ab Psych 14
Ab Psych 14 Mood, Sexual, Substance disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a substance related disorder? | Disorders resulting from the ingestion of psychoactive drugs, causing significant social, occupational, psychological or physical problems, and sometimes resulting in abuse or dependence. |
| Agonist | increase the activity of given neurotransmitter |
| antagonist | decrease activity of given neurotransmitter |
| Mixed agonist-antagonist (two types) | 1. agonist for some effects of the neurotransmitter, antagonist for another (example chantix) 2. Agonist at a particular dose, and antagonist at another dose (example weening off a drug) |
| Types of Agonist (2) | 1. Re-uptake inhibitors 2. Neurotransmitter Mimicking Usually the type of drug people get addicted to. |
| Types of Agonist: Re-uptake Inhibitors | blocks n. from going back to axon terminal - tricking it into constantly bonding with receptor site on post-synaptic neuron |
| Types of Agonist: Neurotransmitter Mimicking | Mimic the n. found in the synapse. Increasing the amount of molecules that bind with the post-synaptic receptor sites. |
| Types of Antagonist (2) | 1. Competitive 2. Non-Competitive |
| Types of Antagonist: Competitive | have no efficacy, but high affinity for some of the same sites as agonist. So they compete for receptor site & then completely BLOCK appropriate neurotransmitter. |
| Type of Antagonist: Non - Competitive | Allow the neurotransmitter to bind to site too, but reduce its stimulation - so the post synaptic neuron is less likely to fire. (They hold up the line of natural n. |
| Individual differences in drug effects | -Most drugs affect several different receptors. -People vary in the number of each kind of receptor causing the variable levels in effects that each receptor controls. (^What makes us react differently, and some people more likely to become addicted. |
| Nucleus accumbens (part of limbic system) | Part of the Olds & Milner study 1954 Nucleus accumbens plays a major part in addictions. Sex, gambling, and video gaming release dopamine into this part of brain. |
| Substance Use Disorders (definition) | The over indulgence in or dependence on a drug leading to the detriment of the individuals mental health, physical health, or the welfare of others. There's substance abuse, substance dependence, substance induced disorders, and dual-diagnosis. |
| Substance Induced Disorders (definition) | Symptoms of psychological disorders that are caused by drug use. So when the drugs stop, the psychological symptoms will stop. Also includes past induced problems with drugs in history that have changed brain chemistry. |
| Substance Induced Disorders (examples and types) | 1. Substance induced psychosis 2. Substance induced mood disorder (could be ecstasy) 3. Substance induced anxiety disorder 4. Substance induced sexual dysfunction 5. Substance induced sleep disorder (from uppers or withdrawal) |
| Dual Diagnosis | Substance use disorder plus another psychological disorder. 50% of people with severe mental disorders develop substance use problems at some point. For social reasons, or for self medicating reasons. Difficult to know which to treat first. |
| Common Dual Diagnosis Bipolar - Schizophrenia - Anxiety - PTSD | Bipolar dx + cocaine abuse Schizophrenia + nicotine/alcohol/meth Anxiety + alcohol PTSD + alcohol |
| Substance Use Disorder : ABUSE | Addiction (Desire) Craving something even though it brings bad consequences Abuse (Behavior) Any harmful pattern of substance use lasting longer than <u>12 mo.</u> and <b>causing dysfunction.</b> As addiction goes on, it becomes harder to resist abu |
Created by:
maryc636
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