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ECC Test 3 Antiviral
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors | Include Nonnucleosides and Nucleosides. Bind directly to HIV reverse transcriptase blocking RNA and DNA |
| Nonnucleosides-Prototype | Rimantadine (Flumadine) |
| Rimantadine (Flumadine) | Children-limited use for the prevention of influenza A infections. Start immediately after exposure. CNS safety precautions. Embryotoxic. Peak in 6 hours. |
| Rimantadine (Flumadine)-Contraindications | Do not use in lactating mothers. May experience increased atropine-like effects if given with an anticholinergic drug. ASA and Tylenol decrease effectiveness. Adverse: CNS, Ortho Hypo, change in Dopamine levels. |
| HSV & CMV-Prototype | Acyclovir (Zovirax) |
| Acyclovir (Zovirax) | Inhibit viral DNA replication by competing with viral substances to form shorter, non effective DNA chains. Are very effective with immunocompromised pts. Peak 1 hr. Half life 2.5-5 hours. |
| Acyclovir (Zovirax)-Contraindications | Do not give to pregnanat or nursing mothers. Adverse: N/V, HA, Rash, Hair loss. D2D: Nephrotoxic drugs. |
| Nonnucleosides-Prototype | Nevirapine (Viramune) |
| Nevirapine (Viramune) | Tx of HIV-1 infected pts who experience clinical or immunological deterioration. Used in adults and children >2 months old. |
| Nucleosides-Prototype | Zidovudine (AZT) |
| Zidovudine (AZT) | Management of adults with symptomatic HIV infection. Prevention of maternal-fetal HIV transmission. Dose can be given right before giving birth. |
| Protease Inhibitors-Prototype | Fosampreavir (Lexiva) |
| Fosamprenavir (Lexiva) | Blocks protease activity within HIV virus. Management of adults with symptomatic HIV infection. Adverse: HA, GI, Steven-Johnson, Buffalo hump, anorexia. (Rough on liver) |
| Fusion Inhibitors-prototype | Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) |
| Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) | Prevents fusion of virus with human cellular membranes-prevents HIV-1 virus from entering the cell. Used when other drugs aren't working. More effective, but more toxic. |
| Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon)-Contraindications | Caution with long disease and pregnancy. Adverse: Insomnia, N/V, HA, Rash, Dizziness. D2D: Versed, Oral Contraceptives, and others. |
| Anti-Hepatitis B-Prototype | Adefovir |
| Adefovir | Tx of chronic Hep. B in adults with evidence of active viral replication, persistant elevations of ALT and AST, or histologically active disease. Adverse: Severe-to-fatal hepatomegaly with steatosis, lactic acidosis. |
Created by:
Hughesj29
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