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kinesiology 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Glenohumeral joint is triaxial... T or F | T |
| This joint has a lot of mobility, but is relatively unstable | Glenohumeral Joint |
| The shoulder can be broken down into 4 component parts or joints. S, A, G, S | 1. Sternoclavicular (SC) Joint, 2. Acromioclavicular (AC)Joint, 3. Glenohumeral Joint, 4. Scapulothoracic Articulation. |
| Provides the shoulder girdle with its only direct attachment to the trunk | Sternoclavicular joint |
| Plane‐shaped synovial joint with an articular disk | sternoclavicular joint |
| Motions occur in three planes and accompany the motions of the shoulder girdle | sternoclavicular joint |
| Connects the acromion process of the scapula with the lateral end of the clavicle | Acromioclavicular Joint |
| It is a plane shaped synovial joint with three planes of motion | Acromioclavicular joint, Motions are minimal but important to normal shoulder motion |
| Provides stability and allows the scapula to be suspended by the clavicle | Coracoclavicular Ligament |
| Forms a protective arch over the head of the humerus, provides support to the head when an upward force is transmitted along the humerus | Coracoacromial ligament |
| The scapula glides on the thorax and is attached to the thorax both by muscles, and through the clavicle to the sternum | Scapulothoracic joint |
| Shoulder Girdle Motions (7) | Protraction/Retraction, Elevation/Depression, Upward Rotation, Downward Rotation, Scapular Tilt |
| Glenohumeral motions MUST be accompanied by | Scapular Motions |
| When there is flexion or abduction of the glenohumeral joint There must also be? | upward rotation of the scapula |
| •Occurs when shoulder goes into hyperextension | Scapular Tilt , Superior end of the scapula tilts anteriorly and the inferior end tilts posterior |
| Glenohumeral Joint Companion Motions When there is extension or | adduction of the shoulder joint The scapula returns to anatomical position (rotates downward) |
| What is the orgin of the Upper Trapezius | Occipital Bone, nuchal ligament |
| What is the insertion of the Upper Trapezius | Outer third of clavicle, acromion process |
| What is the action of the Upper Trapezius | Scapular Elevation & Upward Rotation |
| What is the nerve of the Upper Trapezius | Spinal Accessory N. (CN XI) |
| What is the orgin of the Middle Trapezius | Spinous Processes of C7‐T3 |
| What is the insertion of the Middle Trapezius | Scapular Spine |
| What is the action of the Middle Trapezius | Scapular Retraction |
| What is the nerve of the Middle Trapezius | Spinal Accessory N.(CN XI) |
| What is the orgin of the Lower Trapezius | Spinous processes of middle & lower thoracic vertebrae |
| What is the insertion of the Lower Trapezius | Base of scapular spine |
| What is the action of the Lower Trapezius | Scapular depression & upward rotation |
| What is the nerve of the Lower Trapezius | Spinal Accessory N. (CN XI) |
| What is the orgin of the Levator Scapula Muscle | Transverse processes of C1‐C4 |
| What is the insertion of the Levator Scapula Muscle | Vertebral border of scapula between the superior angle and spine |
| What is the action of the Levator Scapula Muscle | Scapular elevation and downward rotation |
| What is the nerve of the Levator Scapula Muscle | 3rd and 4th cervical nerves and Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5) |
| What is the orgin of the Rhomboid Major & Rhomboid Minor | Spinous processes of C7‐T5 |
| What is the insertion of the Rhomboid Major & Rhomboid Minor | Vertebral border of scapula between the spine and inferior angle |
| What is the action of the Rhomboid Major & Rhomboid Minor | Scapular retraction, elevation, and downward rotation |
| What is the nerve of the Rhomboid Major & Rhomboid Minor | Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5) |
| What is the orgin of the Serratus Anterior | Lateral surface of the upper eight ribs |
| What is the insertion of the Serratus Anterior | Vertebral border of the scapula, anterior surface |
| What is the action of the Serratus Anterior | Scapular protraction and upward rotation |
| What is the nerve of the Serratus Anterior | Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7) |
| What is the orgin of the Pectoralis Minor Muscle | Anterior surface, 3rd‐5th ribs |
| What is the insertion of the Pectoralis Minor Muscle | Coracoid process of the scapula |
| What is the action of the Pectoralis Minor Muscle | Scapular depression, protraction, downward rotation, tilt |
| What is the nerve of the Pectoralis Minor Muscle | Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1) |
| Scapulothoracic Rhythm; The first 30° of humeral elevation is at the what joint | glenohumeral joint |
| For every 2° of shoulder elevation, the scapula must upwardly rotate | 1° |
| 5 Muscles are primarily responsible for moving the scapula | Trapezius Levator, Scapula, Rhomboids, Serratus Anterior, Pectoralis Minor |
| muscles pulling in different directions to accomplish the same Motion | Force Couple |
| Prime Movers for Upward Rotation | Upper and lower trapezius, serratus anterior |
| Prime movers for Downward Rotation | Rhomboids, levator scapula, pectoralis minor |
| Prime movers for Scapular Tilt | Pectoralis Minor |
| If the insertion of the muscle is stabilized, the origin will move toward the insertion | Reversal of Muscle Action |
| One of the most mobile and least stable joints in the body | glenohumeral joint |
| Glenoid Fossa is positioned in an anterior, lateral, and upward direction | glenohumeral joint |
| Attaches around the rim of the glenoid fossa of the scapula and the anatomical neck of the humerus | shoulder Joint Capsule |
| A ring of fibro cartilage that surrounds the rim of the glenoid fossa; Its function is to deepen the articular cavity | Glenoid Labrum |
| What is the orgin of the Anterior Deltoid | Lateral third of the clavicle |
| What is the insertion of the Anterior Deltoid | Deltoid Tuberosity |
| What is the action of the Anterior Deltoid | Shoulder abduction, flexion, internal rotation, and horizontal adduction |
| What is the nerve of the Anterior Deltoid | Axillary nerve (C5, C6) |
| What is the orgin of the Middle Deltoid | Acromion Process |
| What is the insertion of theMiddle Deltoid | Deltoid Tuberosity |
| What is the action of the Middle Deltoid | Shoulder abduction |
| What is the nerve of the Middle Deltoid | Axillary nerve (C5, C6) |
| What is the orgin of the Posterior Deltoid | Spine of the Scapula |
| What is the insertion of thePosterior Deltoid | Deltoid Tuberosity |
| What is the action of the Posterior Deltoid | Shoulder abduction, Extension, external rotation, horizontal abduction |
| What is the nerve of the Posterior Deltoid | Axillary nerve (C5, C6 |
| Separated into clavicular & sternal Portions | Pectoralis Major |
| Clavicular Portion | O: Medial Lip of the clavicle I: Lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus A: Shoulder Flexion: First 60 |
| • Sternal Portion | O: Sternum, Costal Cartilage of first six Ribs I: Lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus, A: Shoulder Extension – first 60 (from180 ‐120 ) |
| • Clavicular & Sternal Portions | A: Shoulder adduction, internal rotation, horizontal adduction N: Lateral and Medial Pectoral nerves (C5,6,7,8,T1) |
| What is the orgin of the Latissimus Dorsi | Spinous processes of T7‐ L5 (via dorsolumbar fascia), posterior surface of sacarum, iliac crest, and lower three ribs |
| What is the insertion of theLatissimus Dorsi | Medial lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus |
| What is the action of the Latissimus Dorsi | Shoulder Extension, adduction, internal rotation |
| What is the nerve of the Latissimus Dorsi | Thoracodorsal N (C6‐8) |
| What is the orgin of the Teres Major | Axillary border of the scapula near the inferior angle |
| What is the insertion of theTeres Major | Crest below the lesser tubercle next to the latissimus dorsi attachment |
| What is the action of the Teres Major | Shoulder extension, adduction, and internal rotation |
| What is the nerve of the Teres Major | Subscapular nerve (C5,6) |
| What is the orgin of the Supraspinatus | Supraspinous fossa of the scapula |
| What is the insertion of the Supraspinatus | Greater tubercle of the humerus |
| What is the action of the Supraspinatus | Shoulder Abduction |
| What is the nerve of the Supraspinatus | Suprascapular nerve (C5,C6) |
| What is the orgin of the Infraspinatus | Infraspinous fossa of the scapula |
| What is the insertion of theInfraspinatus | Greater tubercle of humerus |
| What is the action of the Infraspinatus | Shoulder external rotation, horizontal abduction |
| What is the nerve of the Infraspinatus | Suprascapular nerve (C5, 6) |
| What is the orgin of the Teres Minor | Axillary border of the scapula |
| What is the insertion of the Teres Minor | Greater tubercle of the humerus |
| What is the action of the Teres Minor | Shoulder external rotation, horizontal abduction |
| What is the nerve of the Teres Minor | Axillary nerve (C5,6) |
| What is the orgin of the Subscapularis | Subscapular fossa of the scapula |
| What is the insertion of the Subscapularis | Lesser tubercle of the humerus |
| What is the action of the Subscapularis internal | Shoulder internal rotation |
| What is the nerve of the Subscapularis, 56 | Subscapular nerve (C5,6) |
| What is the orgin of the "Coraco"brachialis | Coracoid process of the scapula |
| What is the insertion of the Coracobrachialis, M-ofthe h |.| | Medial surface of the humerus near the midpoint |
| What is the action of the Coracobrachialis | Stabilizes the shoulder joint |
| What is the nerve of the Coracobrachialis, simons | Musculocutaneous nerve (C6,7) |
| Uniaxial hinge joint | elbow joint |
| Medial humeral epicondyle to medial coronoid process & olecranon process | Medial collateral ligament |
| "Lateral" humeral epi"co"ndyle to lateral ulna and annular ligament | Lateral collateral ligament |
| Head of radius "p"ivots within the "radial" notch of the ulna is what joint | Proximal radioulnar joint |
| Ulnar notch of the "radi"us rotates around the head of the ulna what joint? DRJ | Distal radioulnar joint |
| Allow Pronation and Supination of the forearm, ==0==bk4th Joint | Uniaxial pivot Joint |
| Helps hold together radioulnar joints,~~~ | Interosseous membrane |
| Angle formed by the humerus and forearm in anatomical position, 5 degrees in men 10‐15 degrees in women | Carrying Angle |
| The orgin of the Brachialis D-1/2-H >- | Distal half of humerus, anterior surface |
| The insertion of the Brachialis, Core----ut | Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity |
| The action of the Brachialis | Elbow Flexion |
| The nerve of the Brachialis | Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,6) |
| The orgin of the Biceps Brachii Long: SGT-s Short: (000)----- | Long head – supraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Short head – coracoid process |
| The insertion of the biceps bRachii | Radial tuberosity of radius |
| The action of the Biceps Brachii | Elbow flexion, forearm supination |
| The nerve of the Biceps Brachii M56 | Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6) |
| The orgin of the Brachioradialis, [^condylar--h | Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus |
| The in"Ser`Tion of the Brachio"radialis,--- | Styloid process of the radius |
| The action of the Brachioradialis | Elbow Flexion |
| The nerve of the Brachio"radial"is 56 | Radial Nerve (C5, C6) |
| The orgin of the Triceps brachii long head: IFG-T-S lateral head: | Long head – infraglenoid tubercle of scapula – Lateral head – posterior humerus inferior to greater tubercle – Medial head – Posterior surface of humerus |
| The insertion for the Triceps brachii/pew | Olecranon process of ulna |
| The action of the Triceps brachii, )( | Elbow extension |
| The nerve of the 7riceps bR8chii | Radial Nerve (C7, C8) |
| The orgin of the Anconeus/side/upper/circle/arm) | Lateral epicondyle of humerus |
| The insertion of the Anconeus/pew | olecranon process of ulna |
| The action of the Anconeus, not optimus, hELps | Not a prime mover, assists with elbow extension |
| The nerve of the Anconeus R78 | Radial Nerve (C7, C8) |
| The orgin of the Pronator ,[eh] C000D----U | Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna |
| The insertion of the Pronator teres [aspectR[]. | Lateral aspect of radius at its midpoint |
| The action of the Pronator (teres ) | forearm pronation, assists with elbow flexion |
| The nerve of the Pronator teres, |67 | Median nerve (C6, C7) |
| The orgin of the Pronator quaD#r#atUs | Distal one‐fourth of ulna |
| The insertion of the Pronator qua"d"#r#atus | Distal one‐fourth of radius |
| The action of the Pronator quadratus | forearm pronatioin |
| The nerve of the Pron\ator qu8dra1us, | Median nerve (C8, T1) |
| The orgin of the Supinator,[\u | lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent ulna |
| The insertion of the Supinator,>pr | anterior surface of the proximal radius |
| The action of the Supinator | Forearm supination |
| The nerve of the Supinator, Showtime | Radial Nerve (C6) |
| Ulna slides posterior to distal end of humerus | Elbow Dislocation |
| One of the most common ("^0=0")fractures in children Caused by fall on outstretched hand | Supracondylar fractures |
| One of the most complex joint of the body | the wrist |
| The wrist has 2 joints,Ron[]car | radiocarpal joint and the midcarpal joints |
| Distal end of "radi"us and radionulnar disk proximally and the scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum distally (biaxial joint) | radiocarpal joint |
| Palmar fascia covers and protects | tendons of the hand |
| "Anterior" => Muscles of the wrist all attach on the | medial epicondyle of humerus |
| "Pos"ter"ior" muscles of the wrist all attach on the | lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
| What is the orgin of the (Flexor) carpi ulnaris | Medial epicondyle of humerus |
| What is the insertion of the Flexor carpi ulnaris, .&_5 | pisiform and base of 5th metacarpal |
| What is the action of the "Flex"or carpi "ulnaris => | wrist flexion, ulnar deviation |
| What is the nerve of the Flexor c8rp1 "ulnaris, | ulnar Nerve C8, T1 |
| What is the orgin of the (flexor) carpi radialis | medial epicondyle of humerus |
| What is the insertion of the flexor carpi radialis,_2n3 | base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal |
| What is the action of the "flex"or carpi "radial"is | wrist flexion, radial deviation |
| What is the nerve of the (flexor) carpi radialis, simons | Median Nerve C6, C7 |
| What is the orgin of the palmaris] longus | Medial epicondyle of humerus |
| What is the insertion of the "palmar"is longus | palmar fascia |
| What is the action of the "palm"aris "long"us, helps | Assist in wrist flexion |
| What is the nerve of the palMaris longus,ryan | Median Nerve C6, C7 |
| What is the orgin of the Extensor carpi radialis "L"ongus | lateral epicondyle of humerus |
| What is the insertion of the Extensor carpi radialis longus, _2 | base of 2nd metacarpal |
| What is the action of the "Ex"tensor carpi "rad"ialis longus | wrist extension, radial deviation |
| What is the nerve of the Extensor carpi Radialis longus, simons | Radial Nerve C6,C7 |
| What is the orgin of the [Extensor carpi radialis brevis | lateral epicondyle of humerus |
| What is the insertion of the Extensor carpi radialis brevis, _3 | base of 3rd metacarpal |
| What is the action of the "Ext"ensor carpi radialis brevis | wrist extension |
| What is the nerve of the Extensor carpi radialis bRevis,67 | radial nerve C6, C7 |
| What is the orgin of the [Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | lateral epicondyle |
| What is the insertion of the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris,_5 | base of 5th metacarpal |
| What is the action of the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris -> | wrist extension, ulnar deviation |
| What is the nerve of the Extensor" Carpi Ulnaris,678 | radial Nerve C6, C7, C8 |
| It is the key point of function for the upper extremity | the hand |
| Main purpose of other joints of the U/E is to place the hand in various positions | the hand |
| Saddle joint, trapezium bone artiCulating with the thuMb metaCarpal | CMC Joint |
| Nonaxial plane synovial joints | cmc |
| More stability than mobility | cmc |
| 5th cmc is most ? | mobile of the fingers |
| Uniaxial (flexion/extension) | Thumb MCP |
| "Bi""axial" (M)condyloid joints | Finger 2-5 MCP |
| Uniaxial hinge joints | IP |
| Distal, fingers 2-5 | DIP |
| Proximal, fingers 2-5 | PIP |
| "Fibrous band that spans the wrist on the anterior surface of the wRist | flexor retinaculum |
| main function is to hold the "Flexor tendons close to the wrist, preventing tendons from pulling away from the wRist | Flexor retinaculum |
| attaches =to= pisiform & hook of the hamate on the medial side and to the scaphoid and the trapezium | transverse carpal ligament |
| Arches of the carpal bones forming a 0=TunneL=0 through which the median nerve and 9 flexor tendons of the fingers & thumb pass | Transverse carpal ligament |
| Fibrous band travErsing the wRist on the posterior side | extensor Retinaculum |
| Holds the (extensor) tendons close to the wRist, especially during wrist extension, | Extensor Retinaculum |
| Small, Trianglular shaped flat aponeurosis covering of the dorsum and sides of the proximal phalanx of the fingers, AKA (extensor) --hood--L | Extensor Expansion Ligament |
| Formed by Proximal end of the metaCarpals and the carpal bones, maintained by the flexor retinaculum | proximal Carpal Arch |
| FormeD by the metaCarpal heads | distal carpal Arch |
| PerpendicuLar to the other 2 arches, this one begins at the wrist and runs the length of the metacarpal and phalanges for each digit. | longitudinal arch |
| These muscles cross the wrist and hand | extrensic |
| These muscles do not cross the wrist | intrinsic |
| What is the orgin of the Flexor Digitoru(m) sup(e)rfi(c)ialis, &r | Medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process, and radius |
| What is the insertion of the Flexor Digitorum superficialis [-]p4 | middle phalanx of the 4 fingers |
| What is the action of the Flexor Digitoru(m) su(p)erficialis, | flexion MCP and PIP joints |
| What is the nerve of the Flexor Digitoru(m) superficialis,781 | Median Nerve C7 C8 T1 |
| What is the orgin of the Flexor Digitorum Profundus,^^^/^^^^u | upper 3/4ths of the ulna |
| What is the insertion of the Flexor (D)igitorum (P)rofundus, 4f | distal phalalnx of the 4 fingers |
| What is the action of the Flexor Digitorum (Pro)fundus | flexion all 3 joints of the fingers |
| What is the nerve of the Flexor Digitoru(m) Prof(u)ndus,81 | median nerve and ulnar nerves C8, T1 |
| What is the orgin of the [Extensor digitorum | lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
| What is the insertion of the Extensor_(d)igitorum,p 2-5 | base of the distal phalanx fingers 2-5 |
| What is the action of the Ex(t)ensor digitorum | extends all 3 joints of the fingers |
| What is the nerve of the Extenso(r)digitorum,678 | radial nerve C6, C7, C8 |
| What is the orgin of the Extensor in(d)icis m(u)scle | Distal ulna |
| What is the insertion of the Extensor_indicis(d)p2) muscle | base of the distal phalanx of the second finger |
| What is the action of the Extensor 1nd2c3s muscle | Extends all 3 joints of the second finger |
| What is the nerve of the Extensor indicis muscle, r678 | Radial nerve C6, C7, C8 |
| What is the orgin of the Extensor digiti minimi, [()h | Lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
| What is the insertion of the Extensor digiti minimi,_dp | base of the distal phalanx of the 5th finger |
| What is the action of the Extensor digiti minimi, 3 | extends all 3 joints of the 5th finger |
| What is the nerve of the Extensor digiti minimi,r678 | Radial nerve C6, C7, C8 |
| What is the orgin of the Flexor pollicis longus, r> | radius, Anterior surface |
| What is the insertion of the Flexor pollicis longus, dp | Distal Phalanx of the thumb |
| What is the action of the Flexor pollicis longus, 3 | flexes all 3 joints of the thumb |
| What is the nerve of the Flexor pollicis longus, m81 | median Nerve C8,T1 |
| What is the orgin of the abductor pollicis longus, | Posterior radius |
| What is the insertion of the abductor pollicis longus,_1m | base of the 1st metacarpal |
| What is the action of the abductor pollicis longus | abducts thumb |
| What is the nerve of the abductor pollicis longus r67 | radial nerve C6, C7 |
| What is the orgin of the Extensor Pollicis Brevis, pdu | posterior distal radius |
| What is the insertion of the Extensor Pollicis Brevis,_pp | base of proximal phalanx of thumb |
| What is the action of the Extensor Pollicis Brevis, Ecm | extends CMC and MCP joints of thumb |
| What is the nerve of the Extensor Pollicis Brevis R67 | radial nerve C6, C7 |
| What is the orgin of the Extensor pollicis lungus, {m} | middle posterior ulna and interosseous membrane |
| What is the insertion of the Extensor pollicis lungus, _dp | base of distal phalanx of the thumb |
| What is the action of the Extensor pollicis lungus, 3 | extends all 3 joints of thumb |
| What is the nerve of the Extensor pollicis lungus, r678 | radial nerve C6, C7, C8 |
| What is the orgin of the Flexor pollicis brevis, ^fr | trapezium and flexor retinaculum |
| What is the insertion of the Flexor pollicis brevis,pp | Proximal phalanx |
| What is the action of the Flexor pollicis brevis cm | flexes the CMC and MCP joints of thumb |
| What is the nerve of the Flexor pollicis brevis m67 | median Nerve C6, C7 |
| What is the orgin of the Abductor Pollicis brevis, #^fr | scaphoid, trapezium, and flexor retinaculum |
| What is the insertion of the Abductor Pollicis brevis,pp | proximal phalanx |
| What is the action of the Abductor Pollicis brevis | Abducts the thumb |
| What is the nerve of the Abductor Pollicis brevis,m67 | median nerve C6, C7 |
| What is the orgin of the Flexor Digiti Minimi, drink n fr | hamate and flexor retinaculum |
| What is the insertion of the Flexor Digiti Minimi, _pp5 | base of proximal phalanx of the 5th finger |
| What is the action of the Flexor Digiti Minimi, cm5 | flexes cmc and mcp joints of the 5th finger |
| What is the nerve of the Flexor Digiti Minimi, u81 | ulnar nerve C8, T1 |
| What is the Action of the opponens pollicis | opposes the thumb |
| What is the Action of the adductor pollicis | adducts thumb |
| What is the Action of the Adductor digiti minimi,m5 | Adducts the MCP joint of the 5th finger |
| What is the Action of the opponens digiti minimi o5 | opposes the 5th finger |
| What is the Action of the dorsal Interossei, V | abducts fingers |
| What is the Action of the palmar interossei, o5m | opposes the 5th finger at MCP joint |
| What is the Action of the lumricals,Fm, Ep&d | flex the mcp joint while extending the PIP and DIP joints |
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