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Science blah blah
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| If you push a box with the force of one blank for a distance of one blank you have done exactly one blank of work | newton,meter,joule |
| equation for work(words and symbols) | w=fd work=forcexdistance |
| labels for the equation of work | work=joules force=newton distance=meters... |
| work is done by what? on what? What happens if you push a block one meter with a force of one newton? | force,objects, you have done the work on the block... |
| What is a joule equal to? | one newton of force x 1 meter of distance... |
| what is power? | the rate at which the work is done... |
| equation for power? (word and symbols) | p=w/t power=work/time... |
| labels for the equation of power? | power=watts work=joules time=seconds... |
| what is a watt? | unit of power... |
| how does a watt relate to horsepower? where did we get the horsepower from? | 1horsepower= 746 watts the power output of a horse... |
| What is one of the fundamental building blocks of our universe? | energy... |
| What types of forms does energy appear in? | motion and heat... |
| what are ways energy can travel in? | light,sound,electricity... |
| The workings of the universe can be viewed from the perspective energy.... | flowing one place to another and changing back and forth from one form to another... |
| What is energy? what does that mean? | the ability to do work: anything with energy can produce a force that is capable over a distance ... |
| How do we know a moving ball has energy? | b/c it can create forces on whatever tries to stop it/slow down... |
| How do we know a sled at the top of the hill has energy? | it can go down the hull and produce forces as it goes... |
| how do we know moving wind has energy? | it can create forces on any object in its path... |
| how do we know electricity has energy? | it can turn a motor to make forces... |
| how do we know gasoline has energy? | can be burned in an engine to make a force to move a car... |
| how we know "we" have energy? | you can create forces... |
| what unit is energy measured in? | joules... |
| other term has the same units as energy? does that make sense? | work, b/c is really stored work... |
| where does potential energy come from? | comes from the position of an object relative to the energy... |
| how do we know that picking a marble off of a table requires force? | energy is stored work. the amount of energy must be the same as the amount of work done to lift the marble... |
| Applying a blank over a blank requires doing blank, which gets blank as the blank energy of the marble | force, distance, work, stored, potential... |
| What do we know so we can calculate the potential energy of a marble? | we know that weight is equal to the ass of the marble (m in kilograms) time the acceleration of gravity (equal to 9.8 m/sec2). we also know that work is equal to force time distance. since force is the weight of the marble and the distance is how far we l |
| what is the equation for potential energy? (words and symbols) | Ep=mgh Potential energy=massXgravityxheight... |
| Potential energy equation labels and what they are measured in? | potential energy= joules mass=kilograms height=meters acceleration of gravity= 9.8 m/sec2... |
| Objects that have potential energy don't use their energy until they.... | move... |
| why do they call it "potential energy"? what does potential mean? | something is capable of becoming active... |
| Objects also store energy in... A moving blank certainly exerts blank (ex. someone ran in a hall) what is kinetic energy called? | motion, mass, forces... energy of motion |
| Kinetic energy (increases or decreases?) with blank | increases, speed... |
| ex. cart is moving with speed, how do you make the cart move faster? what does that do? the higher the speed of the cart the more.... | to make the cart move faster you need to apply a force to it...you do some work which is stored energy.. energy it has because you have to do work to increase the speed |
| Kinetic energy (increases or decreases) with blank (2nd one) | increases, mass... |
| if you give the cart more mass you have to.... more force means more blank.. what does kinetic energy depend on? | push it with more force to reach the same speed, work, mass and speed... |
| equation for kinetic energy? (words and symbols) | Ek=1/2mv Kinetic energy= 1/2massxvelocity(speed)... |
| labels for kinetic energy equation? | kinetic energy=joules mass=kilograms speed=m/sec... |
| nature never blank or blank energy. energy only gets....what is this concept called? | creates, destroys, converted from one form to another, law of conservation of energy... |
| what happens if you throw a ball straight up in the air? | 1. the ball leaves you hand with... 2. as the ball gets higher... the blank gained can only come from blank.. the ball blanks down as it gets higher kinetic energy from the speed you give it and let it go, it gains potential energy, potential, kinetic ene |
| eventually all the kinetic energy has been blank to potential energy.. at this point the ball has reached as high as it will go and its blank has been blank to blank | converted, upward speed reduced to zero... |
| the ball falls back down again and gets blank and blank as it gets blank to the ground. | ...faster and faster closer |
| Where does the (lost/gain) in speed come from? | the gain in speed comes from the potential energy being converted black to kinetic energy |
| What would happen if there was no friction? | the ball would return to your hand the exactly the same speed it started with- except in the opposite direction |
| At any moment in flight, the ball has exactly..... what is the energy divided between? | the same amount of energy it had at the start, potential and kinetic, but the total is unchanged |
| law of conservation of energy still holds true, even when there is blank. What is some of the energy converted to? what happens to the heat converted? | friction, heat or wearing away of material, it's no longer available to be potential or kinetic energy butit was not destroyed |
| Five Types of Energy | mechanical,heat,chemical,electromagnetic,nuclear |
| what is chemical energy? | bonding elements..together or breaking elements apart |
| what happens to the energy you spent climbing the hill? (2 reasons) | 1. stored as potential energy (b/c position is higher)2. converted by your body into heart, chemical changes in muscles and evaporated of sweat |
| why should we think of energy as money? | because we save the energy and use it to "purchase" greater speed, height, temperature, mass and other things |
| what is mechanical energy? | matter in motion |
| what type of energy is stored in molecules? | chemical |
| chemical reactions can either blank or blank chemical energy..what is one example of a chemical reaction? | use or release, battery |
| were does nuclear energy come from? and what is it? | splitting an atom or fusing two atoms together...nucleus of the atom |
| why do we use nuclear energy? | to generate/ make electricity in power plants |
| what is another term for "heat" energy? | thermal energy |
| what is heat energy? | internal movement of atoms |
| Electromagnetic energy? | moving charges |
| energy transformation | energy can be transferred from one type to another |
| definition of potential energy | stored energy due to position |
| definition of kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| an object that has energy has the ability to create... | force |
| acceleration rate of gravity | 9.8 m/s^2 |
| Draw Ep vs. Ek graphs ... | |
| frame of reference? | the background or object that is used for comparison of motion |
| why is earth the most common frame of reference? | all things on earth seem to be moving when it isn't... |
| what happens when you describe something in motion? | you are comparing it with something that is assumed to be stationary |
| motion? | a change in position of matter in a certain amount of time |
| Newton's 1st law of motion? | An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion will continue with constant speed and direction, unless acted upon by an unbalanced force "called inertia" |
| Newton's 2nd law of motion? | The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. |
| Newton's 3rd Law of motion? | Whenever one object exerts a force on another, a second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first. |
| Equation in Newton's 2nd law? | force=mass X acceleration |
| Directly proportional? the greater the...the greater the.....&the .. the forces the ... | as one moves up, so does the other force,acceleration,smaller,weaker |
| Inversely proportional? | as one moves up, the other moves down |
| low mass= | high acceleration (a light object is easy to accelerate) |
| high mass= | low acceleration (a heavy object is hard to accelerate) |
| Inertia? what language did it come from? what did it mean? which of newton's laws does it apply to? | resistance to changes in motion...Latin..."inerce" with means lazy or idle..1st |
| Speed? | the rate at which an object moves |
| velocity? | speed in a given direction |
| acceleration? | the rate of change in velocity |
| Momentum? | the difficulty of stopping an object's motion |
| Negative Acceleration is called? | deceleration |
| Equation for speed? | Speed= distance/time |
| Equation for combining velocities? | rowing downstream a river= addition rowing upstream a river= substraction |
| Equation for acceleration? | Acceleration= final velocity - original velocity/time |
| Equation for Momentum | Momentum= mass x velocity |
| Label for speed? | m/sec.km/hr |
| Label for velocity? | km/hr m/sec |
| Label for acceleration? | meters/sec. and sec./hr |
| Label for Momentum? | kg-km/hr or g-m/sec |
| Instantaneous speed? | the speed of an object at any given point in time |
| Constant speed? | when the speed of an object doesn't change at all |
| Average speed? | the speed of a moving object is not always constant |
| Force? | a push, a pull, or any action that has the ability to change motion |
| Gravity? | the attraction force that exists between any two objects of mass |
| Law of universal gravitation? | Law that says that the force of attraction between two objects is directly related to the mass and inversely related to the distance between them? |
| Free Falling? | the acceleration of a falling object under the influence of Earth gravitational force |
| Friction? | two surfaces moving against each other causing heat and ware |
| Types of friction? | air, sliding, viscous, and rolling |
| Air friction? | the air moving around objects creates an opposing force |
| Sliding friction? | when 2 surfaces rub against each other |
| Viscous friction | objects that move in water or other liquids |
| Rolling Friction? | one object rolling over another |
| How does friction affect acceleration? | it always opposes motion |
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