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Leach PSY chapter 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| personality | the pattern of feelings, thoughts, and behavior that sets people apart from one another |
| trait | an aspect of personality that is considered to be reasonably consistent |
| introverts | a person who tends to be more interested in his or her own thoughts and feelings than in what is going on around him or her |
| extroverts | a person who tends to be active and self-expressive and to gain energy from interaction with others |
| id | in psychoanalytic theory, the reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives |
| ego | in psychoanalytic theory, the personality component that is conscious and that controls behavior |
| superego | according to Freud, the part of personality that represents the individuals internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment |
| defense mechanisms | psychological distortions used to remain psychologically stable or in balance |
| repression | in psychoanalytic theory, the defense mechanism that removes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from one's consciousness |
| rationalization | in psychoanalytic theory, the defense mechanism by which an individual finds justifications for unacceptable thoughts, impulses, or behaviors |
| displacement | the defense mechanism that shifts negative impulses toward a more acceptable object or person |
| regression | in psychoanalytic theory, a defense mechanism by which an individual retreats to an earlier stage of development when faced with anxiety |
| projection | in psychoanalytic theory, the defense mechanism by which people attribute their own unacceptable impulses to others |
| reaction formation | in psychoanalytic theory, a defense mechanism by which the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses into their opposites |
| denial | a defense mechanism in which the individual refuses to admit that a problem exists |
| sublimation | in psychoanalytic theory, the defense mechanism by which people channel their socially unacceptable impulses into more acceptable activities |
| collective unconscious | Jung's concept of a shared, inherited body of memory that all humans have |
| archetypes | original models from which later forms develop; in Jung's theory they are primitive images or concepts that reside in the collective unconscious |
| inferiority complex | according to Adler, feelings of inadequacy and insecurity that serve as a central source of motivation |
| socialization | the guidance of people, especially children, into socially desirable behavior by means of verbal messages, the systematic use of rewards and punishments, and other teaching methods |
| self-concept | one's view of oneself as an individual |
| congruence | agreement; in psychology, consistency between one's self-concept and one's experience |
| acculturation | the process of adapting to a new or different culture |
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CoachLeach
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