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CHILD DEVELOPMENT

CHAPTER 5 - Physical Development and Health

QuestionAnswer
cephalocaudal pattern the sequence in which the greatest growth occurs at the top – the head – with physical growth in size, weight, and feature differentiation gradually working from top to bottom
proximodistal pattern the sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves toward the extremities
growth hormone deficiency the absence or deficiency of growth hormone produced by the pituitary gland to stimulate the body to grow
puberty a period of rapid physical maturation involving hormonal and bodily changes that take place in early adolescence
menarche a girl’s first menstrual period
hormones powerful chemical substances secreted by the endocrine glands and carried through the body by the bloodstream
spermarche a boy’s first ejaculation of semen
androgens the main class of male sex hormones
estrogens the main class of female sex hormones
neurons nerve cells that handle information processing at the cellular level
laterialization specialization of functions in one hemisphere of the cerebral cortex or the other
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) a condition that occurs when an infant stops breathing, usually during the night, and suddenly dies without an apparent cause
marasmus a wasting away of body issues in the infant’s first year, caused by severe protein-calorie deficiency
kwashiorkor a condition caused by a deficiency in protein in which the child’s abdomen and feet become swollen with water
basal metabolism rate (BMR) the minimum amount of energy an individual users in a resting state
anorexia nervosa an eating disorder that involves the relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation
bulimia nervosa an eating disorder that involves a binge-and-purge sequence on a regular basis
Created by: Jessica C
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