Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
CHILD DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER 4 - Prenatal Development and Birth
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| germinal period | the period of prenatal development that takes place in the first two weeks after conception. It includes the creation of the zygote, continued cell division, and the attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall |
| blastocyst | the inner layer of cells that develops during the germinal period. These cells later develop into the embryo |
| trophoblast | the outer layer of cells that develops in the germinal period. These cells provide nutrition and support for the embryo |
| embryonic period | the period of prenatal development that occurs two to eight weeks after conception. During the embryonic period, the rate of cell differentiation intensifies, support systems for the cells form, and organs appear |
| amnion | the life-support system that is a bag or envelope that contains a clear fluid in which the developing embryo floats |
| umbilical cord | a life-support system containing two arteries and one vein that connects the baby to the placenta |
| placenta | a life-support system that consists of a disk-shaped group of tissues in which small blood vessels from the mother and offspring intertwine |
| organogenesis | organ formation that takes place during the first two months of prenatal development |
| fetal period | the prenatal period of development that begins two months after conception and lasts for seven months, on the average |
| teratogen | from the Greek word tera, meaning “monster.” Any agent that causes a birth defect. The field of study that investigates the causes of birth defects is called teratology |
| fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) | a cluster of abnormalities that appears in the offspring of mothers who drink alcohol heavily during pregnancy |
| doula | a caregiver who provides continuous physical, emotional, and educational support for the mother before, during, and after childbirth |
| natural childbirth | developed in 1914 by Dick-Read, this method attempts to reduce the mother’s pain by decreasing her fear through education about childbirth and relaxation techniques during delivery. |
| prepared childbirth | developed by French obstetrician Ferdinand Lamaze, this childbirth strategy is similar to natural childbirth but includes a special breathing technique to control pushing in the final stages of labor and a more detailed anatomy and physiology course |
| breech position | the baby’s position in the uterus that causes the buttocks to be the first part to emerge from the vagina |
| apgar scale | a widely used method to assess the health of newborns at one and five minutes after birth. This evaluates infants’ heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, body color, and reflex irritability |
| brazelton neonatal behavioral assessment scale (NBAS) | a test given several days after birth to assess newborns’ neurological development, reflexes, and reactions to people |
| low birth weight infants | an infant that weighs less 5 ½ pounds at birth |
| preterm infants | those born three weeks or more before the pregnancy has reached its full term |
| neonatal intensive care unit network neurobehavioral scale (NNNS) | an “offspring” of the NBAS, the NNNS provides a more comprehensive analysis of the newborn’s behavior, neurological and stress responses, and regulatory capacities |
| small for date infants | also called for gestational age infants, these infants’ birth weights are below normal when the length of pregnancy is considered. Small for date infants may be preterm or full term |
| kangaroo care | a way of holding a preterm infant so that there is skin-to-skin contact |
| postpartum period | the period after childbirth when the mother adjusts, both physically and psychologically, to the process of childbirth. This period lasts for about six weeks or until her body has completed its adjustment and returned to a near prepregnant state |
| postpartum depression | characteristics of women who have such strong feelings of sadness, anxiety, or despair that they have trouble coping with daily tasks in the postpartum period |
| bonding | the formation of a close connection, especially a physical bond between parents and their newborn in the period shortly after birth |
Created by:
Jessica C
Popular Psychology sets