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Philosophy

WGU Foundations of Teaching

TermDefinition, etc.
Perennialism Belief that nature and human nature is constant. Most closely related to the Idealism and Realism schools of traditional philosophy.
Perennialism - Educational Implications (1)rigorous intellectual curriculum for all students. (2) Focus on math, science, and literature = logical thought/enduring ideas. (3) Goal = students develop intellectual skills in writing, speaking, computing, problem-solving.
Perennialism - Educational Goals Train students' intellect and moral development.
Perennialism - Curriculum Emphasis is on enduring ideas.
Perennialism - Teacher's Role Deliver clear lectures; increase students' understanding with critical questions.
Perennialism - Teaching Methods Lecture; questioning; coaching students in critical thinking skills.
Perennialism - Learning Environment High structure, high levels of time on task.
Perennialism - Assessment Frequent objective and essay tests.
Essentialism belief that a critical core of information exists that all people should possess. Most closely related to the Idealism and Realism schools of philosophy.
Essentialism - Educational Implications (1) Emphasis on basic skills/certain academic subjects students must master. (2) the graduation of a literate/skilled workforce. (3) Curriculum must change to meet societal changes.
Essentialism - Educational Goals Help students acquire basic skills and knowledge needed to function in today's world.
Essentialism - Curriculum Emphasis is on basic skills.
Essentialism - Teacher's Role (Same as for Perennialism) Deliver clear lectures; increase students' understanding with critical questions
Essentialism - Teaching Methods Lecture, practice and feedback, questioning.
Essentialism - Learning Environment (Same as Perennialism) High structure; high levels of on task time.
Essentialism - Assessment Frequent objective, essay, and performance tests.
Progressivism Emphasizes curriculum that focuses on real-world problem solving and individual development. Most closely related to the Pragmatism school of philosophy
Progressivism - Educational Implications (1) Learner-centered curricula. (2) hands-on learning activities where students collaborate. (3) Teacher guides students through learning process. (4) Constructivist in nature.
Progressivism - Educational Goals Students need to acquire the ability to function in the real world and to develop problem-solving skills.
Progressivism - Curriculum Emphasis is on problem-solving and the skills needed in today's world.
Progressivism - Teacher's Role Guide learning with questioning; develop and guide practical problem-solving activities.
Progressivism - Teaching Methods Problem-based learning, cooperative learning, guided discovery.
Progressivism - Learning Environment Collaborative, self-regulated, democratic.
Progressivism - Assessment Continuous feedback, informal monitoring of students' progress
Postmodernism Contends that many societal institutions, including schools, are used by those in power to control/marginalize those who lack power = education should focus on reversing this.
Postmodernism - Educational Implications (1) Literature written by feminist/minority authors should be equal to that of others. (2) Historical events should be studied from the perspective of power, status, and marginalized people's struggle within these contexts.
Postmodernism - Educational Goals Critically examine today's institutions; elevate the status of marginalized people.
Postmodernism - Curriculum Emphasis placed on the works of marginalized people.
Postmodernism - Teacher's Role Facilitate discussions that involve clarifying issues.
Postmodernism - Teaching Methods Discussion; role-play; simulations; personal research
Postmodernism - Learning Environment Community-oriented, self-regulated
Postmodernism - Assessment Collaborative between teacher and student; emphasis is on the exposure of hidden assumptions.
Created by: gdglgrl
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