Viewed schools as a workplace (e.g., factory) and learning as a sign of productivity. Teachers = factory workers. Students = raw material to be turned into the product that would meet the needs of the 20th century.

Plessey v. Ferguson (1896)

U.S. Supreme Court ruled that "separate but equal" railroad facilities for Blacks and Whites did not violate the Constitution = used to justify segregation in other aspects of life, including education.

Social policy resulting in separate schools for White students and minority students that had different curricula, teaching methods, capable teachers, and resources (generally favoring Whites).

Separation of the races that exists but is NOT the result of actions taken by the government or its agents.

Separation of the races by law or actions of the government or its agents.

NEA Committee of Ten (1892)

Defined different curricula as appropriate for high school. The first followed a classical trend: Latin and science. The second: modern language and English. Both had "basic" courses.

Commission on the Reorganization of Secondary Education (1913)

NEA appointed. Developed "The Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education" = provided different tracks for students based on their post high school plans.

American Federation of Teachers (AFT)

labor union founded in 1916 by Dewey and others = teachers have a voice in policies/curriculum. Motto: "Democracy in education and education in Democracy."

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Progressive Era

WGU Foundations of Teaching

Term	Definition, etc.
Efficiency Movement	Viewed schools as a workplace (e.g., factory) and learning as a sign of productivity. Teachers = factory workers. Students = raw material to be turned into the product that would meet the needs of the 20th century.
Plessey v. Ferguson (1896)	U.S. Supreme Court ruled that "separate but equal" railroad facilities for Blacks and Whites did not violate the Constitution = used to justify segregation in other aspects of life, including education.
Separate but Equal	Social policy resulting in separate schools for White students and minority students that had different curricula, teaching methods, capable teachers, and resources (generally favoring Whites).
De facto Segregation	Separation of the races that exists but is NOT the result of actions taken by the government or its agents.
De Jure Segregation	Separation of the races by law or actions of the government or its agents.
NEA Committee of Ten (1892)	Defined different curricula as appropriate for high school. The first followed a classical trend: Latin and science. The second: modern language and English. Both had "basic" courses.
Commission on the Reorganization of Secondary Education (1913)	NEA appointed. Developed "The Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education" = provided different tracks for students based on their post high school plans.
American Federation of Teachers (AFT)	labor union founded in 1916 by Dewey and others = teachers have a voice in policies/curriculum. Motto: "Democracy in education and education in Democracy."

Created by: gdglgrl

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