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Common Schools
WGU Foundations of Teaching
| Terms | Definitions, etc. |
|---|---|
| Common School Movement - History | Industrialization, immigration, and westward expansion lead to many social problems. Solution? An educated, moral citizenry that could participate in democratic decision-making and contribute to the nation's economy. |
| Common School Movement - Contributions to Education | Taxes to support public schools, increase in attendance of under-represented groups, created state education departments and appointing of state superintendents |
| New Harmony, IN | Communistic colony that gained prominence as a cultural/scientific center. Nation's first kindergarten, FREE public library, and school with equal education for boys and girls were established here. |
| Compulsory Education Act of 1852 (Mass.) | mandatory school attendance for children, ages 8 - 14 years, for at least 3 months each year (with 6 weeks having to be consecutive). |
| Kalamazoo Case - 1875 | Court upheld Michigan school officials' attempts to collect public funds for the support of a village high school to provide a secondary education for all males = set precedent for public funding of high schools. |
| National Teachers' Association Established in 1857 | By 43 male educators in Philadelphia to "elevate the character and advance the interest of the teaching profession" AND to promote the cause of a "popular education". Forerunner of the NEA (National Education Association). |
| English Grammar (Classical) School | Established in 1821 a free secondary school meant to meet the needs of boys not planning on attending college = forerunner of the comprehensive high school. |
| Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution | States may not deprive a person of life, liberty, or property, without due process under the law. Basis for equal protection. |
| Jim Crow Laws | State/Local laws enacted in the Southern and border states after the Civil War, and enforced between 1876 and 1965, mandating "separate but equal" status for Blacks. |
| Chautauqua (NY) Institute - 1874 | Began as a training for Methodist Sunday-School teachers; gradually broadened in scope to include general education and popular entertainment. |
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