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Physiology Lab

Digestive System

QuestionAnswer
Teeth Mastication (chewing ingested material)
Tongue Digestive enzymes break dowm materials to turn into a bolus
Pharynx Bolus travels down to stomach to be turned into chyme
Oropharynx Voluntary phase; food and saliva mix to produce bolus
Laryngopharynx Pharyngeal phase; swallowing reflex is triggered
Esophagus Esophageal phase; bolus passes through esophagus to stomach
Parietal Cells HCl- denatures proteins; facilitates chemical digestion, intrinsic factor binds B12
Chief Cells synthesizes and secretes enzymes; Pepsin digests denatured proteins
Duodenum 1st segment; 25 cm; C-shaped
Jejunum 2nd segment; 2.5 m; chemical digestion and nutrient absorption
Ileum 3rd segment; 3.6 m; controls entry of materials into large intestine
Biliary Apparatus Network of thin ducts that carry bile from liver and gallbladder to duodenum
Large Intestine Absorbs most water and ions from digested material and solidifies it into feces
Liver Produces bile; detoxifies drugs, metabolites, and poisons with hepatocytes
Gallbladder Concentrates bile; stores bile until its needed for digestion
Pancreas Exhibits both endcrine and exocrine functions
Bicarbonate Exocrine activity resulting in pancreatic juice
Hydrolytic Enzymes Endocrine activity resulting in insulin production and blood sugar regulation from pancreatic islets
Swallowing Phases Voluntary phase, pharyngeal phase, esophageal phase
Hepatocytes In liver; store excess nutrients and vitamins; detoxifies drugs, metabolites, and poisons
Created by: dlnymarie
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