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Pharm Ch 46

Asthma

QuestionAnswer
MOA of Ipratropium bromide, Tiotropium Anticholinergics (leading to bronchodilation)
Tx: COPD, ADR: dry mouth, GI upset Ipratropium bromide, Tiotropium
SQ admin, nonselective agonist (a-1, B-1, B-2) Tx: Asthma, ADR: tachycardia, palpitation, arrhythmias, HTN Epinephrine Ephedrine
non-selective Beta agonist, Tx: Asthma Isoproterenol
moderate B1 agonist Isoetharine, Metaproterenol
strong selective B2, rapid onset (15-30 min), peak 30-60min, duration 4-6 hrs, asthma relievers (rescue inhalers) during acute attacks Terbutaline Albuterol Pirbuterol Bitolterol
long-acting B-agonists (LABAs), 12-24 hrs, Tx: nocturnal asthma, prophylactically (in combo w/ anti-inflammatory) Formoterol (fast onset) Salmeterol (slow onset)
MOA of Theophylline, Aminophylline Methylxanthines: nonselective inhibition of PDE types III & IV (causing bronchodilation)
relative of caffeine, Tx: chronic asthma, ADRs: arrhythmia, N/V/D, HA, insomnia, seizures Theophylline Aminophylline
MOA of corticosteroids inhibition of IL-4 (B-cell IgE) & IL-5 (eosinophils) reduces inflammation
If high dose, ADRs include osteopenia, osteoporosis. Using a spacer and rinsing mouth prevents oropharyngeal candidiasis and hoarseness that develops if large drops of steroid land there. Corticosteroids: Beclomethasone Triamcinolone Fluticasone,Budesonide Flunisolide Mometasone Ciclesonide
"mast-cell stabilizing agent", more effective in children and YA Prophylactic therapy for allergic or exercise induced asthma, BEST safety profile! (least systemically, GI absorbed); taken QID Cromolyn Nedocromil
inhibits 5-lipoxygenase, ADRs: hepatotoxic (LFTs) Zileuton
MOA & ADRs of Montelukast, Zafirlukast, Pranlukast MOA: CysLT1-R antagonists ADRs: Churg-Strauss syndrome
humanized mouse mAb binds to IgE, parenteral (SQ) q2-4wks Omalizumab
MOA of Omalizumab Anti-IgE Antibodies: prevents IgE from binding to mast-cell FceRI (mitigates acute allergies)
Created by: fmuralid
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