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Pharm Ch18
Cardiac Rhythym
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| MOA of Quinidine, Procainamide, Disopyramide | Class IA Antiarrhythmic Agents (Na+ & K+channel blockers) |
| MOA of Lidocaine, Mexiletine, Phenytoin | Class IB: bind to both open & inactivated Na+ channels, use-dependent block |
| MOA of Flecainide, Encainide, Moricizine, Propafenone | Class IC: the most potent Na+ channel blockers (long half-life, but can also cause arrhythmia-CI w/ history of MI) |
| Class IA antiarrhythmic that is vagolytic and increases levels of digoxin | Quinidine |
| Class IA antiarrhythmic that can cause lupus-like syndrome | Procainamide |
| Class IA antiarrhythmic that is CI in obstructive uropathy, glaucoma, AV block, sinus node dys, uncomp HF | Disopyramide |
| Class IB antiarrhythmic that has short half-life & does not prolong QT | Lidocaine |
| Class IB antiarrhythmic that does not prolong QT, is used in combo w/ amiodarone for ICD, VT, also combo w/ quinidine or sotalol ADR: nausea, tremor (less if taken w/ food) | Mexiletine |
| Class IB antiarrhythmic that is also an antiepileptic; used to treat VT in young children & congenital prolong QT; also inducer of P450 | Phenytoin |
| MOA of "-olol", "-ilol" and "-alol" | Class II Antiarrhythmic Agents (B-adrenergic Antagonists) |
| nonselective, does not prolong QT, first-gen, Tx: VT, ADR: bronchospasm, cold extremities, impotence | Propranolol |
| selective B1, second gen; ADR: excessive negative inotrope, heart block, bradycardia | Atenolol Metoprolol Acebutolol Bisoprolol |
| selective B1, third-gen, cause vasodilation by blocking a-adrenergic-R vasoconstriction | Labetalol Carvedilol |
| selective B1, third-gen, cause vasodilation by being partial agonist at B2-adrenergic-R | Pindolol |
| MOA of Ibutilide, Dofetilide, Sotalol, Bretylium, Amiodarone | Class III Antiarrhythmic Agents (Inhibitors of Repolarization by blocking K+ channel) |
| Class III antiarrhythmics that can cause torsades de pointes | Ibutilide Dofetilide Sotalol Bretylium |
| Class III antiarrhythmic that is mixed class II/III | Sotalol |
| Class III antiarrhythmic that is used for anti-HTN and is antiarrhythmic at Purkinje fibers (no effect on atria) | Bretylium |
| Class III antiarrhythmic that can also act as class I, II & IV by altering lipid membrane where ion channels & receptors are located, and resembles thyroxine (must monitor lung, thyroid, LFTs!) | Amiodarone |
| Class III antiarrhythmic that can cause hypotension, pneumonitis & pulmonary fibrosis | Amiodarone |
| MOA of Nifedipine, Verapamil, Diltiazem | Class IV Antiarrhythmic Agents (Ca2+ channel blockers at SA/AV node) |
| Class IV antiarrhythmic that treats Prinzmetal angina | Verapamil |
| Class IV antiarrhythmics that increase digoxin levels and affects cardiac tissue | Verapamil Diltiazem |
| Inhibits Ca2+ channel at AV node, short half-life, used to treat narrow-complex PSVT, ADRs: HA, flushing, chest pain, bronchoconstriction, transient new arrhythmia | Adenosine |
| Correction of what ion imbalance can terminate some arrhythmias? | Potassium (hypo or hyperkalemia) |
| Improves exercise capacity, Tx: chronic stable angina, ADRs: Nausea, constipation, dizziness, prolongs QT | Ranolazine |
Created by:
fmuralid
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