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Electricity Ch. 7
Physical Science, Chapter 7, Glencoe text, 9th grade
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why does walking across a carpeted floor and then touching something sometimes result in a shock? | It is because of an electric charge! |
| What is the accumulation of excess electric charge called? | static electricity |
| What is the law of conservation of charge? | Charge can be transferred from object to object, but it cannot be destroyed. |
| Why do clothes sometimes cling together when removed from the dryer? | This is because of the forces electric charges exert on each other, opposite charges attract thus pulling the clothes together. |
| What is a conductor? | A material in which electrons are able to move easily. |
| What is a material in which electrons are not able to move easily? | Insulator |
| What is the process of transferring charge by touching or rubbing called? | charging by contact |
| What is charging by induction? | The rearrangement of electrons on a neutral object caused by a nearby charged object. |
| What is lightning in terms of charge? | Lightning is a large static discharge. |
| What is thunder? | Thunder is a consequence of the large static discharge that heats the surrounding air, expanding it rapidly causing sound waves to occur. |
| How often is the Earth struck by lightning? | 100 times every second |
| What can lightning cause? | Lightning strikes can cause power outages, inury, loss of life, and fires. |
| What is grounding? | Connecting an object to Earth with a conductor so that any static discharges will have a clear path to the Earth and will not build up and be harmed. |
| How can we detect the presence of electrical charges? | The presence of electric charges can be detected by an electroscope. |
| What is the net movement of electric charges in a single direction? | electric current |
| What is voltage difference? | It causes current to flow as electric charges tend to flow from an area of high voltage to an area of low voltage. |
| What is a circuit? | A closed path that electric current follows. |
| What is resistance? | The tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons is known as resistance. |
| State Ohm's law. | The current in a circuit equals the voltage difference divided by the resistance. |
| What is the unit for current? | amperes |
| What is the unit for voltage difference? | volts |
| What is the unit for resistance? | ohms |
| What is a series circuit? | A circuit that the current has only one loop to flow through. |
| What is an open circuit? | It is when any part of a series circuit is disconnected and no current flows through the circuit. |
| What is a parallel circuit? | A circuit that contains two or more branches for current to move through. |
| What is the voltage difference in any of the branches of a parallel circuit? | The voltage difference is the same in each branch. |
| What is electric power? | The rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy. |
| What is the unit for electrical energy? | kilowatt hours (kWh) |
| What is the unit for electric power? | kW |
| What is the electric energy equation? | E = Pt |
| Explain how electric power and electrical energy are related. | Power is the rate at which electrical energy. The amount of electrical energy used is the power times the time the power is used. |
| Explain what determines the current in each branch of a parallel circuit. | The current is determined by the resistance of each branch. The voltage differences across each branch are the same. |
| Resistance in wires causes electrical energy to be converted into which form of energy? | thermal energy |
| What is the rate at which appliances use electrical energy? | power |
| A commonly used unit for electrical energy is what? | kilowatt-hour |
| An object becomes positively charged when what occurs? | This occurs when the object loses electrons. |
| What happens when you walk on the carpet, or rather, slide your feet on the carpet? | When you slide your feet on the carpet, electrons are transferred from the carpet to the soles of your shoes. The soles of your shoes now have an excess of electrons and are negatively charged. |
| What are the two types of electric charge? | Protons have a positive electric charge and electrons have a negative electric charge. |
| What is electric charge based on? | The movement or build-up of electrons. |
| What are electrons? | negatively charged particles in the atom |
| What are protons? | positively charged particles in the atom |
| What are neutrons? | particles in the atom without a charge |
| As I grasp the doorknob to my bedroom door, after walking down the carpeted hallway, I usually get shocked. Why is this? | As you walk across a carpeted floor, excess electrons accumulate on your body. When you touch the doorknow electrons flow from you to the doorknob and you are shocked! |
| wood | good insulator |
| rubber | good insulator |
| glass | good insulator |
| metals | good conductors |
Created by:
RayRamirez
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