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NIC written Guide
The work of Interpreters
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A-Language (L1) | one's first language, usually the language your parents speak although this is not always the case, also known as mother tongue or native language |
| B-Language (L2) | refers to one's second language, one acquired by living in a country where that language is spoken, by interacting frequently with people using that language or by studying the language formally |
| C-Language | a language one can "manage" to comprehend what is spoken/signed, however the individual speaks/signs with a heavy accent, improper grammatical structure and frequent semantic errors. |
| Source Language (SL) | the language in which the original message is conveyed |
| Target Language (TL) | The language into which the original message is interpreted. |
| Processing Time | Lag time. Decalage. The time used by the interpreter to complete the analysis of the SL utterance and to search for cultural and linguistic equivalnts in the TL |
| Transliteration | The result of taking the SL message, identify meaning and speaker intent by analuzing the linguistic and paralinguistic elements of the message and expressing them in a diff. form of the same language. |
| Dyanmic Equivalence | in an interpreted event, maintaining the "chemistry" between a speaker and her/his audience that allows a connection to be made and the speaker's goals to be accomplished. |
| Translation | changing a message from the frozen form of one language into the frozen form of another language. |
| Sight Translation | changing a message from the frozen form of one language into another signed or spoken language done on first sight, without the time normally required to prepare a formal translation. |
| Modality | the channel through which a message is expressed, specifically spoken or signed. |
| Interpreter | a term used to identify an individual who interprets; this term may also be used generically to include those who transliterate (see transliterate). |
| Simultaneous Interpretation | the process of interpreting/transliterating into the target language/code at the same time that the source language message is being delivered. |
| Consecutive Interpretation | the process of interpreting into the target language after the speaker completes one or more ideas in the source language and pauses while the interpreter transmits that information; more accurate than simultaneous interpretion. |
| Clients or Consumers | a term used to refer to those for whom sign language interpreters work, includes both Deaf and hearing consumers. |
| Oral transliteration | making spoken English visible for an oral Deaf individual; includes repeating what is being said without speech, selecting words that are most easily speech-readable and sometimes using a gesture for clarification. |
| Prosody | the rhythm of a language including stress, inflection, intonation, pausing and phrasing that help listeners determine meaning and predict what the speaker will say next. |
Created by:
Signer9308
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