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Pharm_Kee42_Cardiac

Pharm: Kee Ch42: Cardiac drugs definitions

QuestionAnswer
Congestive Heart Failure Heart failure or cardiac failure
Heart failure Heart weakens & enlarges, loses ability to pump blood thru heart & into systemic circulation
Cardiac glycosides Naturally occuring, found in plants
Digitalis glycosides Group of drugs that inhibit sodium-potassium pump => result in increase of intracellurlar Na => influx of Ca => cardiac muscle fibers contract more efficiently
Positive inotropic action Increases stroke volume
Negative chronotropic action Decreases HR
Negative dromotropic action Decreases conduction of heart cells
A-fib Cardiac dysrhythmia w/ rapid uncoordinated contractions of atrial myocardium
Atrial flutter Cardiac dysrhythmia w/ rapid contractions of 200-300bpm
Therapeutic serum level for digoxin 0.5-2ng/ml
Bradycardia HR less than 60bpm
Hypokalemia Low serum potassium level; normal range from 3.5-5.5
Antianginal drugs Treat angina pectoris
Angina pectoris Acute cardiac pain due to inadequate blood flow to myocardium due to plaque occlusions w/in or spasms of coronary arteries
Nitrates Developed in 1840s, 1st agents used to relieve angina
Preload Amount of blood in ventricle at end of diastole
Afterload Peripheral vascular resistance
Myocardial ischemia Lack of blood supply to heart muscle
Beta blockers Decrease effects of SNS by blocking action of catecholamines (epinephrine & norepinephring) => decreasing HR & BP
Calcium channel blockers (CCB) Treatment of stable & variant angina pectoris, certain dysrhythmias, & HTN
Cardiac dysrhythmia (arrhythmia) Any deviation from normal rate/pattern of heartbeat
Tachycardia HR too fast, greater than 100bpm
Repolarization Return of cell membrane potential to resting after depolarization
Hypoxia Lack of O2 to body tissues
Hypercapnia Increased CO2 in blood
Depolarization Myocardial contraction
Antidysrhythmic (antiarrhythmic) drugs Restore cardiac rhythm to normal
Created by: b_trenkler
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