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Pharm: Ch 40: Def.

Pharm: Kee Ch 40: Drugs for upper resp disorders: definitions

QuestionAnswer
Common Cold Most prevalent form of URI
Acute rhinitis Acute inflammation of mucous membranes of the nose; cause increased nasal secretions
Allergic rhinitis Caused by pollen or a foreign substance; cause increased nasal secretions
Rhinorrhea Watery nasal discharge
Antihistamines H1 blockers, or H1 antagonists, compete w/ histamine for receptor sites, preventing histamine response
1st-Generation Antihistamines Cause drowsiness, dry mouth, & other anticholinergic symptoms; diphenhydramine (Benadryl)is prototype
2nd-Generation Antihistamines Fewer anticholinergic symptoms and lower incidence of drowsiness; ceritizine (Zyrtec), fexofenadine (Allegra), loratadine (Claratin), and azelastine (Astelin).
Decongestants (sympathomimetic amines) produce vascular constriction of the capillaries in the nasal mucosa
Rebound nasal congestion Rebound vasodilation resulting from frequent use of decongestants
Antitussives Act on cough-control center in medulla to suppress cough reflex
Expectorants loosen bronchial secretions so they can be eliminated by coughing
Sinusitis Inflammation of mucous membranes of 1 or more of the maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, or sphenoid sinuses
Acute pharyngitis Inflammation of the throat (sore throat); can be caused by virus, beta-hemolytic streptococci, or other bacteria
Created by: b_trenkler
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