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Psych Test 1
Introduction and Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Aristole | Greek naturalist and philosopher who believed in nurture over nature |
| Plato | Thought traits were inborn |
| John Locke | Thought mind was blank at birth, 1600s |
| Descartes | Some ideas are innate, 1600s |
| Charles Darwin | Proposed natural selection |
| Birth of Pyschology as we know it | 1879 |
| Wilhelm Wundt | Pyscholoy's first experiment, testing time lags |
| Pyschology came from | Biology and philosophy |
| Ivan Pavlov | Study of learning, physiologist |
| Sigmund Freud | personality theorist, physician |
| Jean Piaget | Observer of children, biologist |
| William James | author of 1890 psychology tetbook, philosopher |
| Hermann Ebbinghaus | in germany reports first experiments on memory in 1885 |
| Edward L. Thorndike | in the US confudcts the first experiments of animal learning in 1898 |
| American Pyschological Association is founded | 1892 |
| Alred Binet and Theodore Simonq | devise the first intelligence test for us with Parisian schoolchildren in 1905 |
| Margaret Foy Washburn | the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psycholog, synthesizes research on animal behavior in The Animal Mind 1908 |
| Mary Whiton Clakins | created paired-assocaites tencqieu fro studying memeoryl because president of American Psychological Association president |
| John B. Watson | in the US champions psychology as the science of behavior |
| Wundt's basic research tool | introspection |
| Introspection | self-examination of one's own emotional states and mental processes |
| psychology | the science of behavior and mental processes |
| Until the 1920's psychology was defined as | the science of mental life |
| From the 1920s to the 1960s dismissed | introspection |
| From the 1920s to 1960s, psychology was definsed as | the sciecne of observable behavior |
| Behavior is | anthing an organsm does, ny action we can observe and record |
| Mental pocesses are | the internal subjective experineces we infer from behvior--sensations, perceptions, dreams, thoughts beliefs and feelings |
| Pyschology's quest is to | describe and explain nature |
| Neuroscience | how the body and brain create emotions, memories and sensory experiences |
| Evolutionary | How natural selection favors traits that promote the perpetuation of one's genes |
| Behavioral Genetics | how much do our genes and our environment influence our individual differences |
| Behavioral | how we learn observable responses |
| Cognitive | how we process, store and retrieve information |
| Social-cultural | how behavior and thinking vart across situations and cultures |
| Psychology's Big Issues | Stability v. Change, Rationality v. Irrationality, Nature v. Nurture |
| Stabilit v. Change | Do we become ovlder versions of our same old selves or do people change? |
| Rationality v. Irrationality | how wise are we? we can recongie patterns but sometimes we have insufficient rationality. we believe anecdotres over facts |
| Nature v. Nurture | are intelligence, personality, obestity and psychological disorders influence by heredity or environment? are gender differneces bioloically predsposed or socially constructed? |
| Psychology's Subfields | Basic research, applied reearch, clinical psychologists and psychiatrists |
| Basic research | builds psychology's knowledge base |
Created by:
lilee256
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