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chap.17 electricity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Law of electric charge | Likes charges repel, opposite charges attract |
| Law of electric charge drawing | |
| Electric Force | Force between charged objects |
| Electric field | The space around a charged object in which another charged object experiences an electrical force |
| 3 ways to “Charge It” | Friction, conduction, induction |
| Drawings for each of the 3 types | |
| Conservation of Charge | States that charges can’t be created or destroyed |
| How can a charge be detected? | You can use an electroscope |
| Drawing of # 7 | |
| Conductors | A material in which charges can move easily |
| Examples of conductors | Almost all kinds of metals |
| Insulators | A material in which charges can move easily |
| Examples of insulators | Rubber, plastic, wood, glass |
| Static Electricity | The buildup of electric charges on an object |
| Electrical discharge | The loss of static electricity as charges move off an object |
| Lightning | A form of electrical discharge |
| Lightning diagram | |
| Lightning Rods | A pointed rod connected to the ground by a wire |
| Grounded | Objects that are in physical contact with the ground |
| Dangerous places when it is lightning include | Under a tree, being in an open area |
| Cell | A device that produces an electrical current by converting chemical energy into electrical energy |
| Battery | A device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy and is made up of several cells |
| Parts of a battery – electrolyte | The part of the cell that is a mixture of chemicals which conducts a current |
| Parts of a battery-electrode | The part of the cell through which charges enter or exit |
| Types of Battery Cells | Wet cells and dry cells |
| What is the relationship between potential difference & volts? | Potential difference is the energy per unit charge and it is expressed in volts |
| Photocells & examples | A photocell is the part of a solar panel that coverts light into electrical energy; Some examples are calculators, solar panels |
| Thermocouple | A device that converts thermal energy into electrical energy |
| Drawing of thermocouple | |
| Electrical current | A continuous flow of charge |
| Two types of electrical current | Direct currents and alternating currents |
| Direct Current | The charges flow in the same direction |
| Diagram of direct current | |
| Alternating Current | Charges change directions every second |
| Diagram of alternating current | |
| Voltage | Is the difference in energy per unit charge as a charge moves between two pint sin the oath of a current |
| Resistance | Is the opposition is the flow of electric charge |
| What is the relationship between resistance & current? | One I the opposition of the flow of electric charge and the other is the opposite of that |
| How thickness, length & temperature effect electrical current | If the width is wider, then there is less resistance. If the length is shorter, there is less resistance. If the temperature decreases, the resistance lessens |
| What is Ohm’s Law? | It says that the units of current, voltage, and resistance are related |
| Electrical Power Formula | Power is equal to voltage times current |
| Watt | The unit of power |
| How is household energy measured by the energy company? | They calculate electric energy by multiplying the power in kilowatt hours by the time in hours |
| Circuit | A complete, closed path through which electric charges flow |
| Load | A device that uses electrical energy to do work |
| What do ALL loads do? | They offer some resistance to electrical currents and cause the electrical energy such as light energy or kinetic energy |
| Explain the relationship that a switch plays in “opening” or “closing” a circuit | If a switch is open, the loop of a circuit is broken and no charges can flow through the circuit. For charges to flow through a circuit, the switch must be turned on |
| Series circuit | A circuit in which all parts are connected in a single loop |
| How many paths are in a series circuit? | One path |
| Draw an example of a series circuit in your notebook | |
| Explain what happens if one load in the series circuit is malfunctioning | If one load in a series circuit malfunctions, then the whole circuit would be cut off because there is only one path |
| Parallel circuit | A circuit in which different loads are located on separate branches |
| Why is this circuit important in the wiring of the lights in a building? | If one light goes out, then the electrical current can take another path instead of being cut off |
| Explain what happens if one load in the parallel circuit is malfunctioning | If one load is malfunctioning, then that load will be the only one |
| Give an example of a parallel circuit in your house | The row of lights in my bathroom |
| Explain the causes and dangers of overloading a circuit | If a circuit overloads, it can damage the appliances and it can also start a fire in your home |
| Explain how a fuse and circuit breakers help with circuit safety in your house and automobile | A fuse melts if the circuit is overloading, therefore, the current won’t be able to flow. A circuit breaker is a switch that automatically opens if the current in the circuit is too high |
Created by:
jungwoopark
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