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physical science

final

QuestionAnswer
The process of comparing a property of an object to a well defined and agreed upon referent. measurement
a body in motion tends to stay in motion tends to stay in motion and a body at rest tends to stay at rest in the absence of an unbalanced force. INERTIA Newton's first Law
The acceleration of an object depends on the net force applied and the mass of the object. It is directly proportional to the net force action on it and inversely proportion to the mass of the object. Newton's 2nd Law
for every force there is an equal and opposite force at the same time Newton's 3rd Law
involves the change of position and passage of time. motion
the distance per unit time speed
change of velocity per unit time acceleration
push or pull force
cannot be explained in terms of any other force a. gravitational, b. electromagnetic, c. nuclear fundamental forces
how much an object resists a change in motion mass
the force of gravity acting on a mass. weight = mg; Fnet=w=ma=mg in kg x m/s2=Newton (N); g=9.8m/s weight
is a product of the mass of an object and its velocity; p=mv in kg x m/s momentum
the force that pulls an object out of a straight line path and into a circular one centripetal force
outward force centrifugal force
every object in the universe is attracted to every other object with a force that is directly proportional to the product of the mass and inversely propor to the square of the distances between them universal law of gravity
an objects energy due to its position potential energy
an objects energy due to motion kinetic energy
mechanical, chemical, radiant, electrical and nuclear energy forms
petroleum, coal, nuclear, and moving water energy sources
force x distance work
work/time power
weight X height potential energy
1/2 mv2 kinetic energy
liquid, solid and gases phases of matter
basic unit of matter atom
2 or more atoms held together by a chemical bond molecule
ability to do work energy
energy is never lost or destroyed; may be converted but total remains constant conservation law of energy
measure of the internal energy that has been absorbed or transferred from one body to another heat
32>freezing; 212 F boiling farenheight
0>freezing; 212 F boiling celsius
273>freezing; 373 K boiling kelvin
5/9(Tf-32) or Tf = 9/5 Tc + 32 Tc
Tc + 273 Tk
transfer of energy from molecule to molecule conduction
transfer of energy between groups of molecules convection
energy that moves through space radiation
a disturbance or oscillation that moves through a medium. Mechanical waves either longitudal or transverse wave
loudness of sound which can be measured in decibels intensity
back and forth motion that repeats itself described by measuring the amplitude, the period, and the frequency vibration
is the largest displacement a mass can have from the equilibrium position amplitude
complete vibration cycle
is the number of seconds/ cycle period T
the cycles/ sec; measured in hertz frequency
(wavelength) x (frequency) velocity
shift in the frequency of sound due to relative motion between the source of the sound and the observer Exp. Sound of an approaching train doppler effect
the bending of wavefront at boundaries refraction
when a wave front hits a boundary that is parallel to the front, the wave may be absorbed, transmitted, or reflected or any combination of the prior reflection
to low a frequency to be heard by the human ear infrasound
to high a frequency for the human ear ultrasound
Created by: jessmiglino
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