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science vocab3/12/12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| chemical change | a change in a substance that changes its identity |
| chemical property | any characteristic of a material that indicates it can undergo a certain chemical change |
| colloid | heterogeneous mixture w/ particles that never settle and that are large enough to scatter light |
| compound | two or more elements chemically combined, can only be separated by chemical means |
| distillation | a process used to separate two substances in a mixture by evaporating a liquid and recondensing its vapor |
| element | matter containing the same kinds of atoms |
| heterogeneous mixture | mixture w/ easily distinguishable materials |
| homogenous mixture | mixture w/ non-distinguishable materials blended evenly throughout |
| Law of Conservation of Mass | the total mass of all reactants in a chemical reaction is equal to the total mass of all products formed |
| mixture | two or more substances physically combined, can easily be separated by physical means |
| physical change | any change in size, shape, or state of matter in which the identity of the substance remains the same |
| physical property | any characteristic of a material that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance |
| solution | homogenous mixture containing microscopic particles in a liquid that remain uniformly and constantly mixed |
| substance | type of matter w/ fixed composition |
| suspension | heterogeneous mixture containing visible particles in a liquid that will settle out over time |
| Tyndall Effect | scattering of light by colloid particles |
| acid | any substance that produces hydrogen ions, H+, in a water solution |
| amino acid | building blocks of proteins, made up of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and sometimes sulfer |
| atom | the smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element |
| base | any substance that produces hydroxide ions, -OH, in a water solution |
| carbohydrate | complex molecule formed by condensation, made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a ratio of 2 H atoms and 1 O atom for every C atom |
| compound | a substance containing two or more elements chemically combined |
| covalent bond | a bond formed between two or more atoms that are sharing electrons |
| diffusion | the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to low concentration |
| dynamic equilibrium | equal movement of substances across a membrane |
| element | matter containing the same kinds of atoms |
| enzyme | a protein that changes the rate of a chemical reaction involved in nearly all metabolic processes |
| ion | a charged particle that either has more of fewer electrons that protons |
| ionic bond | a bond formed between oppositely charged ions in an ionic compound |
| isomer | compound with identical chemical formulas but different molecular structures and shapes |
| isotope | atoms of same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| lipid | large biomolecules made of fatty acids, mostly carbon and hydrogen + small amounts of oxygen, that are nonpolar thus insoluble in water |
| mixture | two or more substances physically combined, can easily be separated by physical means |
| molecule | two or more atoms chemicall combined |
| nucleic acid | polymers made of nucleotides, stores cellular information in the form of a code |
| peptide bond | covalent bond formed between amino acids |
| pH | a measure of the concentration of hydronium ions in a solution using a scale ranging from 0-14, with 0 being the most acidic and 14 being the most basic |
| polar molecule | a molecule with a slightly positive and slightly negative end as a result of electrons being shared unequally |
| polymer | class of natural or synthetic substances made up of many smaller, simple molecules, called monomers, arranged in large chains |
| protein | large complex polymer formed when amino acids bond together in long chains, combine when an H+ ion from the amino group of one amino acid and an -OH ion from the carboxyl group of another amino acid are removed to form a water molecule resulting in the tw |
| solution | homogenous mixture containing microscopic particles in a liquid that remain uniformly and constantly mixed |
Created by:
masterplantplc
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