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Family Systems
Spring 2012 Midterm
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Agency | Ability to exert power or authority |
Agency and the Impossibility of Blame | Blame is incompatible with a general systems theory approach in that it violates the principle of nonsummativity |
Boundaries | A system's rules are what distinguish it from other systems, and therefore rules may be said to form ________ of a system. These exist to manage the flow of information (input/output). |
Circular Causality | No beginning, no cause, just effect, effect, effect |
Command | How information (report) is interpreted |
Contemplation | Considering the possibility of change but uncertain (Stages of Change Model - Prochaska & DiClemente) |
Content | Co-emergent meaning in context |
Context | Wholes that emerge when two or more parts are interrelated Single most significant idea in the wholes approach |
Cybernetics | Study of the self regulating properties of systems (steering) or self steering (observed ability to steer itelf) |
Double Bind | Conflict created from contradictory messages which are spoken or unspoken |
Equifinality | Many stimuli, same result |
Family Homeostasis | The tendency of families to resist change in order to maintain a steady state (more rules-based than non-family). |
Feedback | Refers to the ability of a system to reintroduce output as input. There is an action, then a reaction, then a reaction to the reaction, then a reaction to the reaction to the reaction, and so on. In total this process steers the system. |
Positive Feedback | Leads to change |
Negative Feedback | Leads to no change |
First Order Change | Superficial change in a system which itself stays invariant |
Second Order Change | Basic change in the structure of a system Change in a system which alters the fundamental organization of the system. |
Functionalism | Symptoms serve a need for the system |
General Systems Theory | Takes a different approach to assessing by asking WHAT or HOW questions instead of why. |
Homeostasis | The tendency of systems to resist change in order to maintain a steady state. |
Linear Causality | Each cause is itself the effect of a prior cause. |
Meaning | Capacity of humans to create, reflect, and interpret their worlds of experience People act based not on objects, but rather on the _________ objects have for them. |
Metacommunication | Implicit (often non-verbal) message which addresses the intent of a verbal statement- message that lets participants know how to interpret information. |
Morphogenesis | Process by which a system modifies its structure to adapt |
Multifinality | One stimulus, many results |
Nonsummativity | Can be (+) or (-); the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. |
Pre-Contemplation | Person sees little/no problem Not yet considering change or is unwilling or unable. (Stages of Change Model - Prochaska & DiClemente) |
Recursiveness | Systemic interaction that describes how the behavior of one influences the behavior of others "I am with you, as you are with me..." |
Report | Pure information |
Rules | Unspoken messages in a system that, often rigidly, govern the system and allow or disallow certain behaviors and define the roles of the individuals/parts within. |
Stages of Change Model (Prochaska & DiClemente) | Pre-contemplation Contemplation Determination/preparation Action Maintenance Recurrence/relapse |
Determination/preparation | Committed and planning to change (Stages of Change Model - Prochaska & DiClemente) |
Action | Actively taking steps to change (Stages of Change Model - Prochaska & DiClemente) |
Maintenance | Achieved initial goals...working to maintain (Stages of Change Model - Prochaska & DiClemente) |
Recurrence/relapse | Symptoms return, coping with consequences (Stages of Change Model - Prochaska & DiClemente) |
System | Set of relationships among interdependent, interactive components and forces Two or more parts that are related, such that change in one part changes all parts. The relational interactions of group members |