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SOCI1010 Chp 8
Introduction to Sociology Chapter 8: Social Stratification
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| social stratification | system by which society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy |
| social mobility | a change in position within a social hierarchy |
| caste system | social stratification based on ascription or birth |
| class system | social stratification based on birth and individual achievement |
| meritocracy | social stratification based on personal merit |
| status inconsistency | degree of uniformity in a person's social standing across various dimensions of social inequality |
| structural social mobility | a shift in the social position of large numbers of people due more to changes in society itself than to individual efforts (Depression, Baby Boom etc) |
| ideology | cultural beliefs that justofy particular social arrangements including patterns of inequality |
| Davis-Moore Thesis | assertion that social stratification exists in every society because it has beneficial consequences for the operation of society |
| capitalists | people who OWN and operate factories and other businesses in pursuit of profits |
| proletarians | people who sell their labor for wages |
| alienation | experience of isolation and misery resulting from powerlessness |
| blue-collar occupations | lower-prestige jobs that mostly involve manual labor |
| white-collar occupations | higher-prestige jobs that involve mostly mental activity |
| socioeconomic status (SES) | a composite ranking based on various dimensions of social inequality |
| conspicuous consumption | buying and using products because of the statement they make about social position (ie: a BMW and high class or iPod/Apple) |
| income | earnings form work or investments |
| wealth | total value of money and other assets, minue outstanding debts |
| intragenerational mobility | change in social position WITHIN ones lifetime |
| intergenerational mobility | upward OR downward social mobility of children in relation to their parents |
| relative poverty | lack of resources of some people in relation to those who have more (I only have a generic mp3 player compared to that guys iPod!) |
| absolute poverty | lack of resources that is life threatening |
| feminization of poverty | trend of women to make up an increasing proportion of the poor (think about this - why is this occuring?) |
| Karl Marx | stated that social position was related to the relationship between an individual and the means of production: owners versus workers. Owners benefitted from the labor of the workers. Believed a revolution would create a utopian communist way of life. |
| Max Weber | Believe that social position was relative to the posession of prestige, wealth and political party position (aka POWER). Did not believe that a revolution would ever occur. |
Created by:
MrsAFlaherty
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