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CWI PSYC 101 Chap 7
Psychology in Everday Life by David G Myers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information | memory |
| the processing of information into the memory system - for example, by extracting meaning | encoding |
| the retention of encoded information over time | storage |
| the process of getting information out of memory storage | retrieval |
| the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system | sensory memory |
| activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten | short-term memory |
| a newer understanding of short-term memory that involves conscious, active processing of incoming information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory | working memory |
| the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences | long-term memory |
| unconscious encoding of everyday information, such as space, time, frequency, and well-learned word meanings | automatic processing |
| encoding that requires attention and conscious effort | effortful processing |
| the conscious repetition of information, either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage | rehearsal |
| the tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice | spacing effect |
| the tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list | serial position effect |
| mental pictures; a powerful aid to effortful processing, especially when combined with encoding meaning | imagery |
| an increase in a synapse's firing potential. Believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory | long-term potentiation (LTP) |
| a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event | flashbulb memory |
| retaining learned skills or conditioning, often without conscious awareness of this learning | implicit memory |
| memories of facts and personal events that you can consciously retrieve | explicit memory |
| memory demonstrated by retrieving information learned earlier, as on a fill-in-the-blank test | recall |
| memory demonstrated by identifying items previously learned, as on a multiple-choice test | recognition |
| memory demonstrated by time saved when learning material a second time | relearning |
| any stimulus (event, feeling, place, and so on) linked to a specific memory | retrieval cue |
| that eerie sense that "I've experienced this before." Cues from the current situation may unconsciously trigger retrieval of an earlier experience | deja vu |
| the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with your current good or bad mood | mood-congruent memory |
| enduring physical changes in the brain as a memory forms | memory trace |
| the blocking of recall as old or new learning disrupts the recall of other memories | interference |
| in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories | repression |
| a memory that has been corrupted by misleading information | misinformation effect |
| linking the wrong source with an event you have experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined | source amnesia |
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jennifermycwi
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