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psych ch11 vocab

psychology

QuestionAnswer
thinking changing and reorganizing the information stored in memory to create new information
image a visual, mental representation of an event or object
concept a label for a class of objects or events that have at least one attribute in common
prototype a representative example of a concept
rule a statement of relation between concepts
directed thinking a systematic and logical attempt to reach a specific goal or answer, such as the solution to a math problem
convergent thinking depends on symbols, concepts, and rules
divergent thinking a free flow of thoughts with no particular plan and depends more on images
metacognition the awareness of one's own cognitive processes
algorithm a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem
heuristic a rule-of-thumb problem-solving strategy
mental set a habitual strategy or pattern of problem solving
functional fixedness the inability to imagine new functions for familiar objects
creativity the capacity to use information and/or abilities in a new and original way
flexibility the ability to overcome rigidity
recombination rearranging the elements of a problem to arrive at an original solution
insight the apparent sudden realization of the solution to a problem
language the expression of ideas through symbols and sounds that are arranged according to rules
phoneme an individual sound that is a basic structural element of language
morpheme the smallest unit of meaning in a given language
syntax language rules that govern how the words can be combined to form meaningful phrases and sentences
semantics the study of meaning in language
language-acquisition device (LAD) innate brain structures that make it relatively easy to learn the rules of language
telegraphic speech a pattern of speaking in which the child leaves out articles, prepositions, and parts of verbs
Created by: lizhopper2
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